548 
the ftreets. To what purpofe is it applied? 
Don Diego de Pine Manique, who is the 
Superintendant of the Police of Lifbor, as 
well as of the whole kingdom, knows 
beft. It would be no wonder if I wereto 
relate much evil of Don Diego,on account 
of his unjuft arrefts, and of the wretched 
manner in which the prifoners are kept. 
But I mention this briefly to fhew that 
Don Diego is not loved. A traveller 
fhould be difcreet in the judgment he 
paffes. The amufements of the Carnival 
always agree with the prevailing tafte of 
the nation. In what then do they confift 
at Lifbon ? Both the higher as well as the. 
lower ranks of people amufe themfelves in 
throwing all kinds of dirt and filth on the 
paffengers, who, as it is cuftomary, and 
that they may not receive worfe treatment, 
are obliged to bear it patiently. 
Submerfion of Stwallows.—The follow- 
ing curious and apparently well authen- 
ticated circumftance is related in the Ame- 
rican Magazine, in a letter from H. Pot- 
Lock, of New York: 
“ On the afternoon of the 24th of Au- 
guft 1798, I was fitting in my parlour, 
which looks towards the North River, 
about fifty feet from the bank, in company 
with our mutual friend Mr. Jacob Sebor. 
Our attention was attracted by numerous 
flights cf birds, which appeared to come 
acrofs the town from the eaftward, and de- 
{cend' immediately into the river. So 
fingular an appearance excited our par- 
ticular obfervation. We went out and 
ftood clofe to the bank, and then perceiv- 
ed that what we at firft imagined to be 
black-birds, were actually fwailows; and 
that, as foon as the various flocks had 
cleared the houfes, and got directly over 
the river, they plunged into the water, 
and difappeared. ‘This was not confined 
to the vicinity of the place where we 
ftood, but was the cafe as far as the eye 
could reach up and down the river, and 
continued without ceflation for nearly 
two hours, when the clofing of the even- 
ing prevented our further obfervation. 
“ Aware of the importance of affording 
any additional information on this long- 
difputed queftion in the natural hiftory of 
the {wallow, I procured a telefcope, and 
watched attentively many of the flocks 
from their firft appearance until their im- 
merfion, continumg my eye fixed upon 
the {pet log enough to be fully convinced 
that not one of the birds returned to the 
furface again. Indeed, one flock of about 
two hundred birds plunged into the water 
within thirty yards of us, and inftantly 
difappeared, without the leaft appearance 
of oppofition that might be expected to 
arife from their natural buoyancy, and, at 
the fame time, the evening was fo ferene, 
and the riverfo unruffled, that no deception 
_ofour fight could poffibly have occurred. 
3 
LitePaty and Philofophical Intelligences 
Jan. 1, 
“ When the birds firft came in view, 
after crofling the town, their flight was 
eafy and natural; but when they defcend- 
ed near to the water, they appeared much 
agitated and diftreffed, flying in a confufed 
manner againft each other, as if the love 
of life, common to all animals, impelled 
them to revolt again{t this law of na- 
ture impofed upon their fpecies. 
“ As fome time has elapfed fince the 
above-mentioned facts occurred, I thought 
it proper, before I gave you Mr. Sebor’s 
name, as having been a witnefs to them, 
to confult his recollection on the fubje& ; 
and I have pleafure in affuring you he 
diftinétly remembers every circumftance 
I have recited, and of which I made a 
memorandum at the time. 
“ It may be worthy of remark, that as 
far as my obfervation went, the fwallows 
totally difappeared on the 24th of Auguft 
1798, for during the remainder of that 
year I did not fee one. 
New French Publications. 
Hiftoire naturelle des Poiffons avec les 
Figures deflinées par Bloch ; ouvrage claffé 
par Ordres, Genres, et Efpéces, d’aprés le 
Syftéme de Linné, avec les Caractéres gé- 
né€riques, par R. R. Caffel. 
Voyage de la Prepontide et du Pont- 
Euxin, avec la Carte particuliére de ces” 
deux Mers, la Defcription topographique 
de leurs Rivages, le Tableau des Meeurs, 
des Ufages, et du Commerce des Peuples 
qui les habitent, &c. par F. B. Lechevalier, 
Hiftoire des Principaux Evénemens du 
Régne de Frederic-Guillaume II. Roi de 
Pruffe ; et Tableau politique de Europe, 
depuis 1786 jufqu’en 1796, &c. par L. C. 
Ségur, ex-ambaffadeur. 
Journal des Opérations Militaires du 
Siége et du Blocus de Génes, précedé d’un 
coup-d’ceil fur la Situation de Armee 
dItalie depuis le Moment ot le Geré- 
ral Maffena en prit le Commandement, 
jufqu’au Blocus; par un des Officiers- 
généraux de l’Armée. 
Hiftoire complette de la Révolution 
Frangaife, vols. 14 et 15, 
Récueil général des Traités de Paix, 
d’ Alliance et de Commerce, de Neutralité 
et Sufpenfion d’Armes, conclus par la Ré- 
publique Frangaife, avec les différentes 
Puiffances continentales pendant la Guerre 
de la Révolution. 
Traité fucciné& ¢t meéthodique des 
Moyens prefervatifs et curatifs, les plus 
fimples et les plus efficaces, des Maladies 
des Enfans ; parle C. Maignot. 
Mémoire fur les Puiffancesdes Nombres 
et furleurs Racines, dans le quel on prouve 
qu'il n’y a point de Quantités imaginaires ; 
par £. Develey 
Tableau du Commerce de Ja Gréce, &e 
par #. Beaujour. 
Nouveaux Dialogues .des Morts, we 
es 
