1801. ] 
with a number ef holes, through which. 
the alkali liquor drains, and the pulp is 
repeatedly wafhed till clean. It is then, 
though cleared of the ink, very brown 
and ill-coipured. To whiten it, the oxy- 
genated marine acid is employed, pre- 
pared in the ufual method from falt, vi- 
triolic acid, and manganefe. ‘Ten or 
twelve gallons of the acid are put in a 
wooden receiver lined with white lea 
and water, end 140 pounds of the pulp 
added, and thefe materials are kept to- 
gether till the paper is bleached. It is 
then to be re-manufactured in the ufual 
manner. Writing-paper does not in ge- 
neral require fo much, if any, of the pre- 
vious alkaline procefs, but is bleached at 
once, by being confined in a wooden box, 
rendered air tight,and the acid gas thrown 
in immediately from the retort in which 
it is produced. . . 
Obfrvations.—\t has long been a defi- 
deratum to reftore the vaiue of printed 
paper by fome eafy and efficacious procefs, 
‘The power of alkalies in partially diffolv- 
ing printer’s ink is well known, fince it is 
the cuftom to clean the metallic types 
by foap and water. he linfeed or nut- 
oil ufed in ink-making, being much al- 
tered in itsnature, and partly decompoled - 
by the great heat to which 1t is fubjected 
in the preparation, this kind of pigment 
has properties almoft peculiar to itfelt, and 
the circumftance of its ready adhefion to 
the wetied fheets in the act of printing, 
farther fhews the change which the oil 
has undergone. ‘Ihe lamp-black, its 
principal colouring ingredient, is totally 
infoluble in any menftruum, and there- 
fore the feparation of this fubftance muft 
be almoft entirely mechanical. Some pro- 
celles, fimilar to the prefent; have been 
practifed in Germany for fome years, and 
have been made public. The bleaching 
with the oxygenated marine acid 1s pro- 
bably a confiderable improvement to the 
whole operation; but here its power 1s 
exetted, not on the colouring part of the 
ink, as with the writing ink, but on the 
paper itfelf, and perhaps the brown mu- 
cilaze of the oil. ‘lherefore, we con- 
ceive there muft always be much difficul-. 
ty in fully obtaining the end propofzd by 
this or any other fimilar procefs, owing 
to the infolubility of the carbonaceous 
black of printer’s ink. Whether the pre- 
fent ingenious method will anfwer, can 
only be learnt by experience. 

y 
MR. JOHN WHITTON, of KINGSTON UPON 
HULL, for @ LEAD SACCHARUM jor 
the USE of CALICO PRINTERS. 
'The procefs given in the fpecification 
is the following in fubftance:—In any 
quantity of tar acid, cither alone or mixed 
with any other fuitable acid, is diffolved 
lead, or white lead, or oxyd of lead, in 
. 
aire Et - A anes 
Ay DD) yk aongto afipt sini hele 
LVew £ Qtéuis talesy CVVOMEL « 
CF 
wt 
1 
ithe acid menfkruum is com- 
arated, The folution is then fil- 
redandfuttered to remain atreft,and then 
decanted and filtered. It is then brought 
to a greater concentration by eyaporaticn, 
and at particular periods of the evapora= 
tion, if cooled, it will chryftallize. 
Osfervations-=-Lhe empyreumatic acid 
of tar cr wood is now fully afcertained to 
be effentially the fame as vinegar, the ufual 
and proper folvent for lead in the manu- 
facture of cerufe and fugar of lead. How- 
ver, the wood acid is rendered very 
brown and impure by a quantity of empy- 
reumatic oil, with which it mixes during 
diftillation, and which, if not prevented 
by other procefs, would prove a great ob= 
ftacle to the fermation oi a white chry!- 
tallizable fugar of lead. A fecond diitil- 
lation will render the brown acid nearly 
colourlefs; but there ftill exift many dif- 
ficulties in this procefs, to the removal of 
which not the leaft information is given 
by the above /pecification, if fuch it may. 
be called. 


ter 
€ 
£ 

MR. JOSEPH BARNETT, 0f BIRMINGHAM, 
for an IMPROVED MODE of MAKING 
puTrons, &c. 
"Phe principle of this invention is fimply_ 
that of making two fhanks or faftenings: 
to the under fide of each button at an 
equal difkance from the margin, and in a 
line oppofite one another, inftead of one 
large fhank, in the centre as is ufually 
made, "Phe two fhanks may then be made 
much higher than when only one is em- 
nioyed, and the button may be lett open 
in the middle, if any kind of ornament 
or pattern may require it. The fhanks 
are to be fixed on the button in the ufual 
manner. When the button is fixed on 
the cloth, the two fhanks muft be put in 
a line with the button-hole, and the pa- 
tentee prefers running a ring through each 
eye, and by means of this to few it to the 
coat. 

MR. ovry, of FLEET-8TREET, LONDON, 
for an YMPROVED METHOD in MANU~ 
FACTURING HATS. 
The invention is the-following: Meke 
a thin piece of coarfe new felt, of the pro- 
ner fize fora hat, and nap the wrong or 
under fide of the briny with a proper quap-_ 
tity of napping: then make a finer and 
thinner piece of fine felt of the fame fize 
and nap the right fide, and block, dry, and 
raife the nap in the ufual manner. Then 
put the fine on the coarfe one, and dye 
them together. When dyed, take ‘the 
coarfe piece, ftiffen it and put it into 
fhape, and rub over with a°cement, com- 
pofed of one pound and three quarters of 
flour, boiled with, three quarts of water, 
to which is added one ounce of alum, and, 
when boiling, two ounces of rofin well 
1g WENN Si aa Gifted 
