Chemical Notices...New Patents in February. 
the form of gas, and partly in that of a 
«oncrete acid, which Jatt, by evaporation, 
produces afealy falt with the fame odour 
‘as the gas, and not alterable by the air. 
It appears to be an intermede between the 
benzoic’and lithic acids. a 
via. Dr: CAMMANN has difcovered, that 
the green colour of fome of the fympathe- 
tic cobaltic inks, is owing to a mixture 
of iron: an explanation that at firft heht 
appearshighly probable, as refulting from 
the union of the yellow of the nitrate of 
iron, and the blue of the nitrate of Cobalt. 
3. That rare mineral, the Hozey-/fone, 
(pierre de miiel; Honigftein) has been 
analyzed by Mr. Abich, and found to con- 
tain per cent. 44:5 Carbonic acid, 28 
water of eryftallization, with a flavour 
like that of bitter almonds, 2.5. bitu- 
minous oil, 17,75: Alumine, 2. Iron; 
4.5. Carbon.” sty 
Extra@ of a letter fron M: GREN, to 
Cit, VAN’ MoNs. 
x. “© M. Gren has been making ex- 
periments on refpiration, the refults of 
which are, that the oxygenous bafe of 
atmofpherit air is wholly confumed in the 
lungs by the carbon and hydrogen form- 
ing with the former carbonic acid, with 
the latter water: that the difference be- 
tween the venous andarterial blood is not 
in the abtorption of oxygen by the arterial 
blood, biit the lofs of a quantity of hy- 
drocarbonate, and that the excefs of this 
hydrocarbonate in the fyftem, is the caufe 
ef death by fuffocation, drowning, &c. 

nade 
ING NE ode 
eee 
& TNE ae 
soa 
135 
and. in the fetal ftate, by interruption of 
the circulation through the placenta. 
z. Inthe proce{s of foap-making, to- 
wards the latter end of the boiling, when 
the oil has united with the pure potafh, 
it is cuftomary to add a quantity a com- 
mon falt, (muriate of foda) in order to 
harden the foap; the chemical effec of 
this addition has lately been difcovered to 
be a decompofition of the foap and the 
falt, and the formation of foap of foda and 
muriate of potafh. It would, therefore, 
appear to be much more economical to 
fubftitute foda for potath, provided the 
colt of the foda is lefs than that of the 
potath and falt. Inftead of hard concrete 
cils, fuch as tallow, &c. experiments 
have been made in the Polytechnic {chocl, 
with butter and fluid animal and vege- 
table oils, from which, by means of 
foda, a fufficiently hard foap has been 
procured.”’ . 
Befides the articles here fpecified, this 
number of the ‘* Annales de Chimie’? con- 
tains, Obfervatiois on the Acid of Tin, 
and its Ores, by GUYTON DE Mor- 
veau: An Effay on the Produétion of 
Carbonic Acid in Vegetation, by M. DE 
SAUSSURE, jun: An Analyfis of the 
Pumice. Stone, by M. KLAPROTH: 
‘Several interefting Obfervations and Ex- 
periments on Platina, by Count Mussin- 
PuseHin: Remarks on Natural Phof- 
phori, by M. CARRADONT. 
Analyfes of all thefe paper's will appear 
im our next number. 

Enrolled in the Month of February. 
“Mr CROOK’s, FOR MAKING SOAP, 
THE art of manufacturing a foap from 
refufe wool; hair, horns, hoots, arid 
other fimilar animal matters, was invent- 
ed laft year in France, and the method 
has been detailed in the ‘ Aamales de 
Chimie.” Upon this difcovery is founded 
a Patent for a news method of making Soap, 
which in January laft was granted té Mr. 
JouNn Crook, of Edinbureh, Chemil. 
The bafis of this manufaéture is refufe 
fyb of all kinds, as well as the animal 
matter that remains after the extraction 
of fith-oil. The fifh, after being coarfely 
mafhed, are put into water and wafhed 
from the blood and dirt, and afterwards 
are added gradually to a boiling folution 
of cauftic alcali, till it refufes to diffoive 
any more, or is completely faturated. A 
quantity of coarfe oil or tallow, equal in 
‘weight to $ part of the fifh is next added, 
MONTHLY Mac, No, X¥VIIE. 
and the mixture; while boiling, is united 
with as much of turpentine! alone, or tur- 
pentine and palm-oil, as the operator 
chootes. The foap thus formed, is to be 
expofed in a broad fhallow veitel, for the 
fpace of about fix weeks, to the open airy 
after which it is ready for ufe as a fot 
feap. The procets for hard foap differs 
but little from the feregeing; the pro- 
portion of oil, or tallow, is to be equal to 
the weight of the fifh employed; and, 
after the addition of the rofin and palm 
oil, the mixture is to be well boiled with 
common wafte ley, and finifhed in the 
ufva! manner. 
To the fame fpecification is added a 
new method of bleaching, in «which the 
only difference between this and thecom- 
mon mode of employing oxygenated mu- 
riatic acid, confifts in. the fubfitution of 
lime-water to an alealine felution, in the 
application of the gas. REVIAW 
