Subjlitutes for Qak Bark—Dutch Literature, 
eat 9 he Scotch-grafs » which had only two 
fmall lateral fhoots, has now upwards of 
6o fuckers. , 
~ The Guinea-grafs has four fuckers ; ° 
it, at this moment, fills four large vates, 
and is about to feed. : 
_. TheCar ibbee-cabbage was deftitute of 
leaves ; it is now covered with them, and 
feveral are fifteen inches. 
_. The Guava, Banana, the Manioc (caf- 
Jada) are in full vegetation. 
. The Nopal has leaves of 20 inches. In 
fhort, with the exception of the indigo 
of the ifle of France, which has not 
fprung, no individual has perished, and 
they are allina thriving way. It ought 
to be added, alfo, that the feeds were not 
fown in the proper feafon. . 
The hopes entertained from this eftab- 
Tithment, begin to affume the character of 
certainty, when we recollect, that the 
fugar-cane* grows at Montpellier to its 
natural height; that is to fay, to eight 
feet, and that it arrives at maturity. The 
citizen GouAN, profeflor of botany in 
that diftinguifhed fchool, has fown in- 
digo there, whichy after f{pringing very 
kindly, has flowered and ripened. Dit- 
ferent individuals, atter his example, 
have fown various forts of cotton, even 
that of Siam, in wafte, arid, and ftony 
land, and have had a harveft of charming 
pods in return. Profeffor Gouawn has 
. caufed ftockings to be made from his laft 
harveit. 
GERMAN. 
The difficulty of procuring a fufficient 
“Quantity of oak-bark; for the purpofes 
ef tanning, in the electorate of Hano- 
wer, has long been a fubjeét of ferious 
complaint, and feyeral applications have 
‘been made tothe government, to prohibit 
the exportation of this neceffary article. 
This circumftance attracting the notice 
ef the aulic counfellor, WeKRs, he was 
induced to make a feries of experiments, 
to afcertain the poflibilty of procuring a 
fubftitute for oak-bark, trom various in- 
digenous-trees. In thefe ufeful reiearches 
he has been greatly. affifted by Mr. 
FOEHLMAN, an ingenious tanner, who 
has lately eftablithed a very exterifive tain- 
nery at Linden, in the vicinity of Hano- 
ver; in whicl: he has introduced confi- 
derable improvements, that arenot to be 
met with in any other tan-yard in the 
eletorate. They commenced their joint 
experiments upon the Sumach (rhus co- 
viaria), with which this country abounds. 

_* The fugar-cane is faid to have been ori- 
gimally carried from Sicily to Spain, and from 
) Spain to the Weft-Indies. 
\ 
213 
The refult has exceeded their moft fan- 
guine* expectations... The tanners and 
cordwainers have found, that calf-kin, 
prepared in this manner, equals the bef 
Englifh leather ;' and are eager to pur- 
chaie it at two florins per pound weights 
whereas, formerly, the beft home-manus 
factured leather would not fetch more 
than one florin per pound. It is in great 
requeft for fhoes and boots: and Mons. 
FOSBHLMAN is profecuting his experi- 
ments on various other kinds of trees and 
plants, under the direction of M. 
Weurs. ‘This is not the only difcovery 
for which the arts are indebted to the latter 
gentleman. ‘The hats, manutaétured frona 
vegetable fubftances, which are worn at 
Lunenburg, and: which are remarkable 
for durability and lightnefs, are his in- 
vention. At prefent, he is diligently 
occupied in the improvement of the ma- 
nufacture of paper. 4 
“< Le Nord, Litteraire,-Phyfique, Po- 
litique @ Moral,” publithed at Kiel by 
profeflor OLIVARIUS, continues to ‘be 
conducted with the degree of {pirit which 
might have been expected from ‘its able 
editor. The third Number has jufi ar- 
rived im London. 
: DuvurcH. 
The convulfive crifis of the revolution 
has not checked the progrefs of litera- 
ture in the Batavian republic. L. Van 
SANTEN has recently publithed a new 
and’ elegant edition of ‘** Terentianus 
Maurus: two volumes of a new edition 
ot ** Plutarch,” have lately appeared, 
edited by D. WytTrenBacu. 
learned orientalift, RUHNKENIUS, is en- 
gaged in bringing out ** Scheller’s Dic- 
tionary,” adapted to the ufe of the Bata- 
vian ichools ; and the juftly celebrated bE 
Boscu, is occupied upon the “* Antho- 
logia Greca, with the tranflation by Gro- 
tius, in Latin verfe. The learned editor 
is not in pofleflion of the Greek text, 
with the manufcript corrections of Gro- 
tius, the exiftence of which, it feems, is 
doubtful; but he has availed himfelf of 
many new, and hitherto unpublithed, re- 
fources for perfecting this valuable work. 
SPANISH. 
Notwithftanding the wretched ftate’ In- 
to which Spain has been thrown by the 
prefent war, literature, in that country, 
{cems to be making fome progrefs, The 
following Spanith publications have been 
tately announced in the Madrid Gazette, 
from which the following very curious 
notices are tranflated almoft literally. 
** Obfervations de un Viagero Politice 
et Filsfophico,” &c.. Observations ef a 
Politicay 
Die | 
- 
