bi lise. ane Sa 
OPT AD ASE WEA Pia Te WS aC 
In April 1798. 7 
MR. BOULTON’S FOR RAISING WATER. 
} ANY ‘of tthe inventions which, 
\ it under the title of New Patents, we 
have prefented to our readers, however 
Ingenious, have been capable of only a 
fingle application, and that often of but 
little importance. “The difcovery, how- 
ever, of new powers or principles of 
motion, readily applicable to a variety of 
machinery, and a variety of ufes, is of 
fuch incalculable - confequence in a coun- 
try like our own, elevated into the firit 
rank among the nations of the earth, by 
the multiplicity and excellence of its 
manufactures, as to caufe a new zera, not 
only in thofe arts whjch are immediately 
benefitted by them, but in the general 
profperity of the country. The late 
Sir Richard Arkwright’s fplendid inven- 
‘tions have opened a road to wealth, and 
fupplied materials for commerce that have 
crowded with population diftritts before 
icarcely..inhabited. The Steam Engine 
of Mefirs. BouLTon and Watt, be- 
fides.materially aiding a vaft variety of 
our manufactures, has been the means of 
yenderine acceffible to us, a large portion 
of mineral treafures, which, without this 
-inftrument, could never have been pro- 
cured.. Weare happy in being able to 
notify to the public, a difcovery that 
promifes, in importance, to be only, and 
perhaps fcarcely inferior to the two above 
-mentioned. _O7 the 30th Dec. 1797, 4 
patent was granted to MATTHEW BouL- 
TON, of Soho, for an Apparatus and Method 
of raijng Water and other Fluds. The 
-principle of aétion in all thefe machines 
may be illuftrated by a delcription of the 
moft fimp!e of them: in our next number, 
however, we hope to be able, by the 
ailiftance of plates, to give a full and ac- 
curate account of the various ways in 
which this principle may be employed. 
. - A horizontal pipe is formed of iron or 
any other fubftante fufficiently ftrong, 
expanding at one end like the mouth of a 
_ trumpet, and at the other furnifhed with 
_a_valve that may be opened or ‘fhut at 
pleafure: near this fmaller extremity 1s 
 Jet-in_ a_ vertical pipe, at right angles to 
the horizontal! one, turnifhed at the junc- 
_ ture with a. valve opening upwards, and 
open at the other end. This machine is 
“Jet down into a ftream of water, fo deep 
as to cover the horizontal pipe, the trum- 
pet-like mouth of which ts placed fo at 
to meet the current :. in this fituation the 
valve being open, a current pafles through 
the pipe cf equal velocity with the cur- 
rent of the ftream: if the valve be then 
fuddenly clofed, the recoil of the current 
will force open the valve of the vertical 
pipe, through which will rufh a column 
of water: the force of the recoil foon fub- 
fiding, the vertical column will prefs on 
the valve at its bottom, and caufé it ta 
clofe the end of the vertical’ pipe, in 
which the afcending column of water will 
be detained, ‘The horizontal valve being 
then opened, the current will recommence 
through the horizontal pipe, and upon 
clofing the valve a recoil will happen as 
before, and ‘an additional quantity of 
water will rife in the vertical pipe ; te 2 
repetition of this procefs, the water rifing 
through the pipe will overflow into any 
veffel placed to receive the water, forming 
a perpetual pump. ‘The contrivances by 
which this inftrument is made to drave 
water, from a depth below that of the 
impelling current, and to raife it to any 
height, will be mentioned hereafter. 
The ufes to which this engine may be 
applied, are various: befides the raifing 
of water for the ufe of brewers, &c. it 
may be employed in raifing water from 
the fea for falt works, in draining 
marfhes, and pumping fhips, and fupply- 
ing with water thofe canals that are car- 
ried over or by the fide of rivers. 
MR. ECKHARDT’S FOR CHAIRS: 
On January 16, 1798, a patent was 
granted to A. G. EcknarpT,: Efq. 
F.R.S. &c. for a new method of mak- 
ing chairs, ftools, &c. . 
Where the chair feats are round, the 
propofed improvement confifts in fixing 
the feat within the frame, on a, pivot, fo 
as to enable it, when the ftop fcrew is 
taken out, to turn round eafily, and the two 
fides of the feat being covered with dif- 
ferent materials, by turning the feat, the 
chair may be converted from a common 
one toa bef. If the featis fquare, at its 
juncture with the back, a hinge is fa- 
ftened, upon which the feat, and two or 
three others that are concealed in the 
back will readily move, and by letting 
down the different feats, the chair may 
be made to aflume as many different ap- 
pearances. sein 
REVIEW 
