402 
under-ground, is difagreeable: its un- 
wholefomenefs and dirtinefs are extremely 
repulfive : 5: the neceflity for unremitting 
toil, in order to afford fufficiently regular 
{upplies of fuel, makes it often requifite 
- to yield to very unreafonable demands 
from the colliers. And it is natural 
that all thefe circumftances in combina- 
tion, fhould make the wages of thofe who 
work im ‘coal-pits enormoufly great. 
On this account, there is, perhaps, no 
abbreviation of labour more to be defired 
than that which, leflening the toil of the 
collier, fhall enable him to throw out a 
greater quantity of coals, than formerly, 
within a given time, and fhall thus dimi- 
nifh the price of the coals in the market. 
. The labour of conveying the caals, after 
they are du g> from where they are left by 
the collier whodigs them, to the mouth 
of the pit, isa very troublefome part of 
the toil which they demand. To accom- 
plith this, and to clear the pits of water 
and foul dite a complex and expenfive 
fyftem of machinery i is ufually employed. 
Even the advantages of the fream-engine 
itill leave much to be wifhed for. 
We have, therefore, great pleafure in 
announcing that Mr. HUMPHREY JEF- 
“FERLES, of Newcaftle upon Tyne, has re- 
cently obtained a PATENT for. an im- 
proved modification of the apparatus for 
the conveyance of coals trom the bottom 
to the mouth of the pit, by which the 
tfual labour of thts operation will be fa- 
cilitated and abridged. A feries of en- 
gravings would be neceffary to make his 
improvement clearly intelligible to the 
reader. But, we think it, a good one ; 
we hope the world will derive benefit from 
it ; and we wifh the patentee an adequate 
reward for his ingenuity. 
ir. REHE’S PATENY fer an Engine for 
the Conveyance of Water from one Place 
to Ta 
THE ditcovertes of GaALIL ZO, Tor- 
RICELLI, and Pasciat, relative to the 
preflure and the elafticity of the atmo- 
iphere, have ae to the maderns very 
great [cientific advantages in the manage- 
ment of water, which the ancients.did not 
pofiefs. Our wells, cur drains, our 
mounds, our fewers, our mills, our canals, 
and all our hydraulic arts, fuffciently 
evince this truth. By regulating the pref- 
jure of the atmciphere upon any piece of 
water, WE Cal now dire&t ifs movements 
almatt at lg pleafure. Water is next 
aiter fire, the wiett ufeful handmaid of the 
ats. , We an veunce, therefore, with plea- 
atire, that Mr.SamMUEL RENE of Lon- 
don has juft enrolled a patent for an en- 
eine for o CONVENIERL CONVE yanice of water 
Jrom oue place to another, trea which, 
Mr. Fefferys....r. Rehe’s...and Mr. Collier's Patents. [June 
emolument to the inventor, and utility te 
the public, may be reafonably expeéted 
to refult. 
We noticed in our xlift Number, p. 
62, the extenfive practical importance 
and utility of Mr. CoLLIER’s xzew ma- 
chines for percolation, (applicable to all 
fluids, but more particularly -evater). 
-for which he had obtained a patent: we 
have now much {fatisfaétion in adding, 
that on further inquiry, we highly ap- 
prove thefe inventions, grounded on the 
only true principles that can fherten this 
proceis, which has. hitherto been always 
tound tedious in the extreme- 
Firft.— He removes the difficulty refulting 
from the clear fluid pafling through its own 
impurities, by taking a dire€tion from th 
external parts of the filtering medium in- 
wards, from which it is drawn off. 
Secondly —An urged preflure is employed, 
which fpeedily ferces. i¢ through the ei 
lating pores. 
Thirdly.—Thovgh the apparatus talces up 
comparatively no room, and the expenfe is 
wery eafy, it is fo contrived, as to contain 
moze filtering furface, in contaét with the 
fluid, than a large {tone does when full. 
We thwk it neceflary to ftate thefe 
particulars, more in detail than we other= 
wife fhould do, becaufe modern improye- 
ments have fo manitettiy fhewn the great 
advantages of water to the conf{titution, 
in cleanfing the vafcular fyftem from une- 
tuous matter detained by the abforbents, 
and thus giving activity to the circula- 
tion and fecretion of the Auids; while the 
attempts of the faculty, to introduce 
water into more general ule, either in its 
fmple ftate or mixed, have been impeded 
by the extreme difsculey of procuring it 
in any tolerable degree of purity. 
The means Mr. COLLIER has employ- 
ed, to deprive czy quantity of Auid of its 
colour or putredcent qualities, by a given 
quantity of charcoal, are likewife highly 
ingenious. 
We are concerned to find, ‘thaty in our laf 
number, there was an error in regard to the 
name of Mr. Samurr Sanpy HicxLtine 
of Birmi penens the proprietor of the patent 
for the application of witreous compounds to irony 
Kes Winile acces een fy that miftake, we 
cannot help mentioning, that, ir the authors 
of new inventions would take the trouble 
of trantmitting to the publither of the Month- 
ty. Magazine fhort notices of the fpecifica- 
tiens of their patents, they would invariably 
find the Ns tereft ot the proprietor of Every 
ation to be much more effec- 
ferved by thus making: it faithfully 
public, thar by that myftery in which it is. 
fometimes endeavoured to conceal the fubjeéts 
of fuch patents from the kaowledge of the. 
Ww Orlds 
Pana is Tastes y 
BPELY Cet hiabl fe Ores 
PONE 
rua ily 
