53° 
right method of floating is very little un- 
derftood, and attributes to a mifconception 
of this right method the frequent failure 
of thofe who have tried the experiment. 
After having ftated what he confiders to 
be the primary object of foating,—namely, 
to procure a depofit of manure by the wa- 
ter ufed, and by the water at the fame 
time to fhelter the land from the feverity 
of winrer,—Mr. W. tells us, that the 
chief effentials of the art are, that the wa- 
ter be made to flow over the furface of the 
land an inch deep during winter, and that 
no part of the water fhaH be made upon a 
dead level. ‘This latter caution feems to 
have been unneceffary, for it 1s obvious 
that water cannot flow over a dead level 
furface. Mr. W. recommends the depth 
of an inch; for if it be deeper, and the 
courfe of fuperfluous water be continued 
for feveral weeks, the grails, unable to en- 
dure a long immerfion, will be deftroyed ; 
if it be leis than an inch, fo much water 
is not ufed as might be effectually ftrained 
and fifted by the grafs, fo much mucilage 
is not colleéted as might be, nor is the 
land fo completely fheltered as is neceffary 
and practicable. On the whole, this effay 
may be read with advantage. 
. We are happy to fee that Mr. Mar- 
SHALL has not yet retired from his la- 
bours: he has publifhed The Rural Eco- 
— nomy of ibe Southern Counties; comprifing 
Kent, Surrey, Suffex, the Ile of Wight, tbe 
Chalk Hills of Wilt/bire, Hampfbire, &e. 
The prefent work evinces the fame dili- 
gent and fenfible obfervation which di- 
fiinguifhed his former productions, and it 
is written on the fame plan: it is worthy 
of remark, that Mr. M. attributes the re- 
fpeétable charaéter of the yeomanry of 
Kent to the law which is yet prevalent, of 
gayel-kind. An interefting portion of 
thefe volumes is that which relates to the 
culture and management of hops in the 
diftriét of Miaiditone, Canterbury, and 
Farnham: Mr. M. has given a very clear 
and judicious account of the cultivation of 
thts valuable plant, and has occafionally 
fugeefted what he confiders to be im- 
provements. The great obje€tion to this 
work is the unneceflary elaboration of the 
materials : the matter might certainly have 
been compreffed into a fingle volume, and 
that volume would have been fuperior in 
value to the prefent two. 
JURISPRUDENCE. 
In purfuance of an order of the Ho- 
nourable Society of Lincoln’s Inn, Mr. 
MacKinTosH, tm the early part of the 
prefent year, commenced a courfe of 
Lectures on the Study of the Law of 
lic perufal. 
Retrofpeét of Domeftic Literature... Furifprudence. 
Nature and Nations, the introduétory 
Difcourfe to which, illuftrative of the 
general plan which he intended to pur- 
fue, Mr. Mackintoth has offered for pub- 
This introduétory difcourfe, 
whether we confider it in point of ftyle, 
Matter, or arrangement, is equally ex- 
cellent. The very eloquent writer, after 
having given a concife hiftory of the 
progrefs and prefent ftate of the {cience 
which he is about to illuftrate, after 
having enumerated the able authurs who 
have written on the fubje&t, and pour- 
ed forth with the ore rotundo Ciceronis, 
an encomium on the verfatile genius, the 
profound learning, and the unwearied 
induftry of Grotius, proceeds to fketch 
the outlines of his lefture. He divides 
his fubjeét into fix parts, each of which 
is feparately confidered: in the firft 
place he propofes to enter into an ex- 
amination of the faculties and the habits 
of the human mind; in the fecond part 
he confiders what is our praétical duty : 
here Mr. Mackintoth obferves, that al- 
moft all our relative duties arife out of 
the two great inftitutions of property 
and marriage. Having eftablifhed thefe 
as the fundamental principles of private 
morality, he proceeds to an examination 
of man, in the third place, as a fub- 
je&t and fovereign, as a citizen and ma- 
giftrate: in this divifion of his fubjecét, 
the learned le€turer propofes to invefti- 
gate the forms, and notice the parti- 
cularities of the moft celebrated govern- 
ments of ancient and modern times, clof- 
ing his inveftigation with an account of 
the Conftitution of England. Mr. M. 
will, in the fourth place, difcufs and en- 
deavour to lay open the general princi- 
ples of criminal and civil law, and will 
enter into a comparifon of the codes of 
England and of Rome. ‘The law of 
nations, ftri€tly and properly fo called, 
will be the fubjet of the fifth fection: 
and, as-an important fupplement to his 
plan, he purpofes, in the fixth and laft 
place, to offtr a furvey of the diplomatic 
and conventional law of Europe, with an 
account of the treaties of Weltphalia, of 
Oliva, of the Pyrenees, of Breda, of 
Nimeguen, of Ryfwich, of Utrecht, of 
Aix-la-Chapelle, of Paris (1763), and 
of Verfailles (1783). Such are the out- 
lines which, in his le€tures, Mr. Mackin- 
tofh propofes to fill up. Various as are 
the acquirements, deep as is the learn- _ 
ing requifite, we cannot fuffer ourlelves 
to queftion the competence of the leétu- 
rer to fucceed in his ardyous undertak- 
ings Who but muft with fuccefs to a 
‘man 
