1798. ] 
ftop-valve fhuts, and water paffes into 
the air-veflél, and the regrefs of the 
water is prevented by the fhutting of the 
exit-valve; the ftop-valve then opens, by 
means of a fpring: the apparatus cot- 
tinuing to revolve inthe fame direction, 
more ftrokes are made, at intervals pro- 
portioned to the velocity with which it 
‘moves. The fpring fhould be adapted 
fo as not éo prevent the relative motion of 
the water in the main pipe from fhutting 
the {top-valve at proper intervals. 
Figs. ro, and ro (a), thew two con- 
ftruétions of this apparatus, in which the 
main pipe is made to vibrate round an 
axis, backwards and forwards; the limits 
of the vibration or ftroke beings deter- 
mined by g detent T ftriking aeainft a 
ftiff fpring S.. In Fig. ro, the main 
pipe and air-veflel are placed, not only 
out of the water te be raifed, but at the 
height to which the water is to be raifed, 
and the afcending pipe has its feot im: 
merfed in that water; but this conftruc- 
tion fhould not be applied, in cafes where 
the water is to be raifed much more than 
wenty-feet. CC is the main pipe, bent 
in a circular form round the air-veffel j ; 
at or near each end of which is a ftop- 
valve b, opening outwards; and alfoa 
\ 
pipe or communication ta the air-veffel, 
with a receiving valve A,’ opening to- 
wards the main pipe. Dis the afcending 
pipe: at O is avalve, opening upwards, 
im order that when the afcending pipe is 
filled with water it may be retained. The 
perpendicular fe&tion of the main pipe is 
drawn circular, but may be fquare, or 
any other convenient form; and a hori- 
zontal fection of it, with its top and re- 
ceiving valves, is fhewn in the plan and 
fide-view annexed. 
Upon the afcending pipe or axis D, is 
fixed a double pulley P, about which are 
wound the ropes Q, R; by the pulling of 
which, alternately, the apparatus may 
be made to revolve in either direction. 
The main pipe and the afcending'pipe be- 
ing filled with water, by hand or other- 
wile, if the ropes Q, R, are ptuled aite— 
nately, with fufficieht velocity, that is, 
if the apparatus makes about thirty vi- 
brations in each direction in a minute, it 
will act well. 
At Fig. 10 (a), the main pipe and air- 
veffel are placed near the bottom of the 
afcending pipe, fo as that the main pipe 
may be wiolly immerfed jn the water to 
be raifed: fop-valves are placed at each 
end of the main pipe, as in the laft figure, 
only they open inwards; and pipes or 
epenings are made to commenicate he- 
Mr. Boulton’s Patent for raifing Water. 
127 
tween each end of the main pipe and the 
air-veffel, having exit-valves opening 
towards the air-veffel. The fame letters, 
in this figure, are put_on parts that bear 
the fame name as m fig. 10, except that 
» A, in this, is an exit-valve: and the ap- 
paratus may be wrought by the fame 
means. ; 
At Fig. 11, the main pipe C C is made 
in form of the fegment of a circle, of 
which the afcending pipes D, D, are ra- 
dii; or it may be fimply a ftraizht tubs, _ 
pipe, or trough, forming the chord ta 
Juch feement. The whole is moveabie 
upon an axis U, at the centre of the feg- 
ment S, S, are two ftiff {prings, which 
regulate the length of the ftroke ; which, 
if wrought by the power of men, acting 
at the circumference of the fegment, may 
be about three feet in each direction. At 
O O are valves, opening upwards, to re- 
tain the water in the afcending pipes whem 
filled. The’ main pipe C C, and the 
afcending pipes D, D, being Alled with 
water, if the apparatus is pulled forci- 
ly, Arft im one direction, and then in 
the other, it raifes water from below; 
becaufe, when it ftrikes either of the 
iprings, the water in the main pipe, per- 
fifting im its motion, is partly thrown 
out, into the trough placed to receive it, 
and more water afcends through the 
afcending pipe, to fupply the vacuity 
which would otherwife be tormed. 
In Fg. 11 (a), is reprefented an appa- 
ratus wherein the principal parts are in a 
pofition inverted, in compariion with 
thofe of Fig. 11; and the letters in this 
fisure are placed on parts bearing the 
fame name, exc. pt A, which in'this cafe 
is an exit-valve.. Ihe whole of the main 
pipe fhould be immerfed in the water to 
be railed’; and then it may be made to 
raife water by fuch like means as are 
mentioned for the apparatus Fig. 11. 
Every apparatus before defcribed as 
belonging to the fixth method, admits of 
being put in motion by fire or fteam- 
engines, or by water-wheels, or wind- 
mills, as well as by men, or horfes, cr 
other animals; and their fizes and di- 
menfions are, in fuch cafes, proportioned 
to their ufe, and to the nature of the 
power which works them. 
The fir, fecond, and third méthods, 
above defcribed, may be employed to ~ 
taife water by the motion of the waves of 
the fea, or of any large piece of water ; 
in which cafe, the mouth or receiving end 
of the main pipe fhould be formed like a 
foeaking-trumpet, and placed oppofite to. 
the ‘direction in which the waves beat 
upca 
