3238 — 
upon the fhore at the place. The water 
of the waves will enter the main pipe, 
and rufh through it until the ftop-valve 
fhuts ; when the contained» water will in 
part enter the air-veflel, as has been de- 
feribed, and the next wave will produce 
another ftroke. 
When this apparatus is to be atuated 
by the waves of water, or the open cur- 
rent of ariver, eligible forms of the main 
pipe are fhewn at X, in Fig. r and 2, in 
the annexed figures. / 
The dimentions of the feveral parts o 
the apparatus, in each of the feveral mie- 
thods herein defcribed, muft vary at- 
cording to the velocity and quantity of 
water paffing through the main pipe, the 
height to which the water is required to 
be raifed, and the quantity wanted to be 
raifed in any given time. Proper mate- 
rials for the main pipes and air-veffels 
are, cait iron, hammered iron, or cop- 
per, or brafs, or other hard and ftrong 
roetals, or mixtures of metals. For mo- 
derate heights and bores, wooden pipes: 
~would anfwer, and the better if ftrongly 
hooped. Strong earthen pipes, of mo- 
-derate bores, would anfwer for fmall 
heights. 
The valves and their mechanifm are de- 
fcribed as follows. 
B, Figure 1, is a common ftop-valve, 
Shs : Pe 
moving upon an axle, or hinge, and ai- - 
&ifted to open, at the proper time, by a 
weight attached to a lever fixed to its 
axis, at_the proper angle; which. con- 
ftruction has been delineated as applied to 
the feveral varieties of the apparatus 
herein before explained, though the fol- 
lowing kinds are alfo applicable. 
The weicht muft be adjufted by expe- 
riment, fo as to open the valves at the 
due times, according to circumftances ; 
which may be done, either by fliding the 
aveight nearer to, or further from, the 
centre of motion, or by encreafing or di- 
minifhing the weight itfelf. “The incon- 
venience of this method is, that the 
weight being generally under water, it 1s 
troublefome to adjuft it; therefore the 
mechanifn in Fig. 12 is adapted to the 
ftop-valve. The weight E is fitted upon 
a lever F, conneéted with a fpindle J, to 
which the arm or lever G is alfo fixed ; 
and that is connected, by the rod H, 
with the arm K,. fixed tothevalve. The 
rod H may be prolonged to any neceflary 
length, and the weight and its mecla- 
nifm m2y be always? placed above water, 
fo as to be eafily come at, for adjuftment. 
Valves of this kind are hinged, either 
Mr. Boulton’s Patent for raifing Water. 
[Aug. 
upon their lower or upper edge, or upon 
one of the perpendicular fides, as a com- 
‘mon door, according as convenience re- 
quires, and the méchanifm is conneéted 
accordingly. 
Fig.13. is another conftruftion of the 
ftop-valve, which is circular, and, in- 
ftead of being hinged upon one fide, 1 
fixed upon a {pindle in its centre, which 
flides ina focket or fockets, and, at the 
proper time, is opened by mechanifm 
finilat to the former here delineated, only, 
in place of the weight E, a {pring 1s em- 
ployed, which is alfo applicable in other 
cafes. 
In cafes where the fhock from fhutting 
the {top-valve might derange the machine, 
fome of the following vaives are prefer- 
able to thafe before deferibed. 
Fig. 14. isa {top-valve which opens in 
two leaves, like the gates of a canal- 
~ lock : the leaves may fhut wpon one ano- 
ther in the middle, or may fhut upon an 
upright bar placed there, as reprefented 
in the horizontal fection and front-view 5 
and they are opened by the fame kind of 
mechanifm as hath been deferibed before, 
only there mut be two connecting rods, 
one to each leaf of the vaive. The aper- 
ture for this valve is of a re€tangular fi- 
gure. 4s valve in two leaves may alfo be 
hinged in the middle of the opening, but 
would too much obftruét the water-way. 
When the main pipe is of a large diame- 
ter, (two feet ér upwards,) the ftop- 
valve may be made in three, four, or 
more leaves, conneéted together by me- 
chanifm, as in Fig. 15, where an iron 
grating or frame is reprefented for fup- 
porting the valves; and mechanifm, of 
the fame kind as that defcribed for the 
more fimple valves, is applied to open 
them. 
At Fig. 16. is delineated a valve turn- 
ing upon an axis, like a common fire- 
ftove chimney-damper : the axis does not 
pafs through its centre, but divides it 
into two unequal jegments. The valve 
is not opened fo far as to ftand in-the 
line of the current of water, but ftands, 
when opened, inclined to that current; 
fo that the larger feement being placed 
towards the’ ftream, the latter may, by 
its a¢tion, fhut it atthe proper time, and 
it is opened by mechanifm fimilar to that 
defcribed: any other fpecies of valve, 
which is capable of being fhut by the 
current and opened by mechamifin, or 
opened and fhut by mechanifin folely, at 
the proper times, will anfwer this pur- 
pofe. When the fop-vaive is required to 
open fo completely that the current of 2 
water 
