§ 
292 
this vegetable is, perhaps, not generally 
well underftood, we fhall now give the 
reader a ihort account of it, as prattifed 
in the iflands of Jerfey and Guernfey, and 
communicated to the Board of Agricul- 
ture. Beans are commonly fown with 
the parfnips, and the modes of manage- 
ment are thefe: The rift is by the fpade; 
the 2d with the plough and the fpade ; 
and the 3d with the fmall and the great 
plough. The lait method is by much 
the moft economical; and, indeed, that 
which is generally followed. In the 
month of September a flight ploughing 
is given to the field deftined for the re- 
ception of thefe crops the eniuing year. 
‘This operation they term brifer; and in 
the beginning of January it is ploughed 
again with a {mall and large plough. 
‘The firft traces a furrow only-three or 
four inches in depth; but the fecond, 
which proceeds in the fame furrow, co- 
vers it over with ten or twelve inches of 
earth in a very neat manner. “Before 
fowing, the land is left expofed to the 
influence of tle atmofphere for eight or 
ten days. In ftraight lines from north to 
fouth, and at four feet and half diftance, 
and nineteen inches in breadth, four or 
The New Patents lately enrolled. 
foe. 
five beans are to be planted in rows four 
inches diftant from each other. After 
this is done, the fowing of the parfnips 
is to be performed in broadcaft over the 
whole field, and the ground to be welf 
harrowed. ‘The alleys .aiforded by the 
beans are convenient for the weeding of 
the crop, which is generally twice per- 
formed by means of a two-pronged fork ; 
the firft time about the beginning of 
May, when the plants muft be properly 
thinned, if too much crowded; and the 
laft towards the middle of July. ‘The 
beans will be ripe in Auguft, when they 
muft be immediately plucked up, as in 
this month the parfnips begin to acquire 
fize. ‘Thefe are the methods of cultiva- 
tion that are purfued in Guernfey; but 
thefe practifed in Jerfey differ in no very 
material refpe&t from them. ‘Thefe roots 
are cultivated in thefe iflands both on 
light fandy foils and ftiff argillaceous 
lands; but they ungueftionably prefer a 
fat foil fomewhat argillaceous, and which 
has been well divided by repeated deep 
ploughings. "The parfnip grows till the 
end of September, when its top may be 
fed off by the cattle. 
Tur NEW PATENTS lately enrolled, 
Mr. Friry’s, FOR ANEW METHOD OF 
DYING PERMANENT COLOURS ON 
LiNEN, WOOLLEN, SILK, &c. 
N September, 1798, -a patent was 
A granted to ROBERT FRITH, of Sal- 
ford, Lancafhire, for a new method of 
dying certain permanent colours on linen, 
wocllen, filk, or cotton. 
The general procefs is to pafs the 
goods through a decoction of galls, cither 
hy itfelf, or mixed with a decoction of 
dying-woods or barks; then boil them 
in an acid metallic folution, and finiih 
them in the ufual way with wafhing in 
different leys and frefh water, either warm 
or cold. 
‘To produce a~permanent yellow, the 
{tuff to be dyed is to be galled, and then 
paffed through a folution of muriate or 
nitro-muriate of tin, of various degrees of 
ftrensth, according to the intenfity of the 
colour required: or as an intermediate 
procefs between galling and fcouring the 
cloth, &c. may be boiled in a bath of 
afh-bark, oak, or fumach. 
- For zankeen, to the gall-liquor muft 
be added a decoétion of tea of aiderwood, 
walnuts poplar, or mabogany ; after which 
nitro-muriate of tin is to be added. 
. For buff, the procefs is the fame as for 
nankeen, except that oak, crab, or apple- 
wood or bark, is to be fubftituted in room. 
of the other woods. 
For a mtd-colour, dove, or drab, afte 
galling, the cloth is to be'‘boiled in a 
liquor made of nitrate of filver and ful- 
phate ef iron; or, inftead of the filver, 
five times its quantity of quickfilver may 
be ufed, or nitrate of filver and oxymu- 
riate of manganefe. 
GREGORIO FRANCISCO QUEIROZ, FOR 
AN IMPROVEMENT IN THE STEAM- 
E,NGINE, 
A patent was granted, in September, 
1798, to Gregorio Francifco Queiroz, of - 
Portugal, gent. now of Walham-green; 
Middlefex, for an improvement in the 
{team-engine. 
This improvement confifts in diminifh- 
ing the fri@tion, in communicating circu- 
lar motion, and in 2 contfiderable alteration 
in the form of the boiler, by dividing4t: 
into. {everal compartments, by which a 
great furface is expofed to the fire, and 
more fteam is produced by lefs fuel. 
ACs 
