1800. ] we 
Pree er | ; 
THE NEW PATENTS LATELY ENROLLED. 
—=La 
MESSRS. CHAPMAN’SFOR ROPE-MAKING. 
On the fixteenth day of July lafta patent 
was granted to William Chapman and 
Edward W. Chapman of Newéaftle upon 
Tyne, for their invention of a method or 
methods of making cords and ropes and 
cordage, both twined and untwined, from 
the {pinning of the yarn inclufive to the 
finifhing of the rope or cordage. 
This invention appears, by the fpecifi- 
cation, toinclude materialimprovements in 
the {pinning of rope-yarn, ‘and in the ma- 
nufacturing of cordage. Rope-yarns are 
at prefent {pun by men, at an expence of 
from half a crown to five fhillings per day, 
according to the fituation of the place, whe- 
ther intheout-ports orontheriver Thames. 
Or it is wholly {pun by machinery. 
In the praétice of the firft method 
rope--walks are neceflary, and the fi- 
bres of the hemp are drawn into the yarn 
of different lengths proportionate in a given 
degree to their pofition in the outfide or 
infide of the yarn; accordingly, when this 
yarn is ftrained and its diameter collapfes, 
the infide fibres of hemp bear the greatett' 
firain, and thus they break progreifively 
from the infide. 
‘ Inthe fpinning by a mill the fibres are 
all brought forward in a pofition parallel 
to each other, previoufly to their receiving 
their twift. “They areconfequently all of 
one length; and, when twifted, the out- 
fide fibres are moft fhortened by forming 
the fame number of fpirals round a greater 
axis than the interior, and thus they muft 
confequently break the firft, on the fame 
principle that the outfide yarns of ftrands 
‘of ropes manufactured in the old method 
break before the interior yarns; and con- 
fequently with lefs ftrain than ropes of the 
improved principle, ‘where the. ftrands (or 
immediate-component parts of the rope) 
have been formed in fach a manner as that 
all the yarns fhall bear equally at the time 
of the rope’s breaking, 
_ Neverthelefs yarns fpun by a mill have 
been found ftronger than common yarns, 
on account of the great evennefs with 
which they are {pun}; the manual, labour 
in manufacturing is much lefs than in the 
common method: bat on the other hand 
there is the expence of machinery, and the 
greater wafte of hemp in preparing it for 
being drawn out in the progreflive ftages 
of its advance to the fpindle. 
Monrary Mac, No, 55, 
The method invented by Meffrs. Chan- 
man differs from both the preceding in 
having, by an eafy and fimple contrivance, 
the fibres of the hemp are laid in the yarn in 
{uch a manner as the yarns themfelves are 
laid in the ftrands of the rope manufaétured 
on the new principle. 
Their machinery confifts only of a fpin-. 
dle, divided into two parts, the upper con- 
taining apparatus to draw forward the 
hemp from the fpinner with twift fufficient 
to combine the fibres ; which enables them 
to employ women, children, and invalids, 
and alfo to appropriate the rope-cround 
folely to the purpofe of laying ropes. 
The part we have defcribed is only an 
improvement on the methods of fpinning, 
granted to Mr. William Chapman on the 
eighth day of November 1798. 
The remaining parts of their invention 
confift chiefly in the giving from a ftation- 
ary power internal motion to a locozmo- 
tive-machine, zz. to the roper’s fledge, 
on which, the ftrands and the rope itfelf 
are twilted, by which contrivance they are 
enabled to apply a water-wheel, or fteam- 
engine to the whole procefs of making 
ropes of all kinds whatever. 
MR. HUDDART’S FOR ROPE-MAKING,, 
For an improved method of regiftering 
or forming the ftrands in the machinery’ 
for manutacturing of cordage, granted 
to Mr. Jofeph Huddart of Hlington, on the 
twentieth of Auguft 1799. : 
Mr. Huddart has already obtained a 
patent for regiftering or forming the 
ftrands of cordage in order to obtain an 
equal ftrain upon the yarns. ‘This he ef- 
fected by an application of the following 
means :— 
_ Firfi, by keeping the yarns feparate 
trom each other, and drawing them from - 
bobbins, which revolve, to keep up the 
twift whilft the ftrand is forming. 
Secondly, by pafling them through a 
regifter, which, divides them by circular 
fhells of holes; the number in each fhell , 
being agreeable to the diftance from the 
centre of the ftrand, and the angle which 
the yarns make witha line parallel to ir, 
and which gives them a proper pofition to. 
enfer. 
Thirdly, 2 cylindrical tube which coms 
preffes the {rand; and maintains a cylin- 
drical figure to its furface. 
I Fourthly, 
~ 

