‘ 
/ 
France. 
1799. ] 
The National Mufeum of Natural Hif- 
tory has juft terminated its annual diftri- 
‘bution of trees, dwarf-trees, fhrubs and 
feeds, indigenous and exotic, to the dif-_ 
ferent central Jchools of the Republic, to 
the garden of rural economy, medicine, 
and botany, belonging to the free focieties 
of agriculture, the civil and military hof- 
pitals, &c. to individual naturaliits in the 
Republic and the Colonies, and to foreign 
focieties ‘and individuals correfponding 
with the Mufeum. It appears from this 
diftribution, prefented to the minifter of 
interior, that the National Garden has 
furnifhed 4433 live vegetables, and com- 
pofing 3013 fpecies; as alfo upwards 
of 44,060 packets of feeds of the laft 
crop. Each {pecies of feed contamed on 
a label affixed to it the Linnzan Latin 
name, the French name, a defination of , 
the nature of the vegetable, with inftruc- 
tions when to fow it, &c. Thefe trees 
and feeds have been felected from among 
the vegetables of the twelve following di- 
vifions: 1ft, The cereal plants lately 
brought from Belgium, Italy, the borders 
of the Rhine, &c.; 2d, different forts of 
leguminous herbs, roots, &c. from foreign 
countries, to the number of 162; 3d, 81 
{pecies’ or varieties of plants, fufcep- 
tible of furnifhing a wholefome fodder for 
cattle, on which it may be neceflary to try 
experiments in different foils, &c.; 4th, 
57 {pecies of medicinal plants; 5th, 37 {pe- 
cies of plants proper for the arts of fpin- 
ning, dying, weaving, &c.; 6th, 125 f{pe- 
cies, varieties, and different races of pic- 
turefque plants and ornamental flowers, 
proper to purify the air, and perfume the 
habitations of man; 7th, trees, fhrubs, 
&c. almoft all foreign, but naturalifed in 
France, proper to be planted on lands 
confidered as fterH, or in gardens, by the 
highways, &c.; 8th, 307 different fpecies 
of feeds, ftrangers in Europe, collected in 
the Ifles of Trinity, St. Thomas, and 
Porto Rico, and brought by citizen Bau- 
DIN; 9th, 150 fpecies of feeds, collected 
by citizens BRUGUIERES and OLIVIER, 

characters of minifter to the king at the court 
of Rome, and protector of the churches of 
Previous to this he had been am- 
baffador at Venice, minifter of foreign affairs, 
difgraced according to cuftem,: then exiled, 
afterwards recalled and made archbifhop of 
Alby. By the ‘French Revolution he was 
deprived of all his ecclefiaftical revenues in 
France, and redficed to his archbithopric of 
Albano in Italy, the income of which was 
fo moderate that he accepted a penfion from 
the court of Spain, yranted at the requelk of 
M. the chevalier Azara, apie: 
Literary and Philofiphical News. 
555 
in their voyage to the Levant, Syria, &cs 
This divifion confidts of plants ufetul in 
difeafes, excellent fruits,.and vegetables 
verry rare in Europe, the fpecies of which 
are determined and known by botanifts ; 
roth, 18 fpecies of feeds fent from French 
Guiana, by citizen MarTin, director of 
the plantations and of the {piceries in that 
colony, among which are. the palm. tree 
which produces fago, the nut of Bancoul, 
an almond good for eating, and different 
fpecies of fuperfine cottons; 1sth, affort- 
ments of 512 general fpecies of feeds, 
fele&ted from almoft all the clafles, order's, 
and families, to form a feries particularly 
adapted for infruétion in the feience of 
botany ; 12th, and laftly, the demands of 
the correfponding profeffors and cultiya- 
tors, {pecified on lifis or catalogues, have 
been fupplied out of the rund of feeds, an- 
nually gathered in the gardens of the Mu- 
feum, tothe number of 4.300 fpecies dif 
ferent from thofe noted in the preceding 
‘diviiions. . 
\ 
We fome months fince announced the 
important difcovery by Mr. ACHARD, of 
Berlin, of a method of making fugar from 
white beet-root ; we-are now enabled’ to 
add further particulars refpecting this in- 
terefting procefs. The. difcovery is al- 
ready brought toa high .degree of per- 
fe&tion in Pruffia; moif fugar, refined 
fugar, molafies, &c. being now obtained 
in large quantities; and at a fifth of the ex= 
pence of India fugars, from the white 
beet! The bet kind of root is that in 
which the fkin is of a reddifh colour, and 
the flefh white. The foil fhould be tho- 
roughly cleaned from weeds, &c. and ma-_ 
nured at leaft a year before it is fown.. It 
fhould be ploughed three times ; firlt, at the 
beginning of autumn, fecondly, and thirdly 
or laftly, between the middle and the end of - 
the month of April. Ummediately after 
the third ploughing, it fhould be carefully 
harrowed. Afterwards, a kind of rake, 
the teeth of which are from nime to twelve 
drawn acrofs the land, fo as to form lines 
inches diftant from each other, is to.be - 
upon it; which lines are to be crofled~ 
by others, made by the fame inftrument. 
At the points where thefe lines crofs 
each other the feed is to be planted. 
The harveft begins at the end of Sep- 
tember, when the roots muft be taken up 
with great cave, that they may not be 
broken. The leaves and ftalk of. the 
plant are then to be cut off. The firft 
operation in the making of the fugar from 
the roots, confifts in wafhing and cleaning 
them. They muft afterwards be fliced, 
by means of a machine, or ground ie a 
ort 
