556 
fort of mill, confifting of a cylinder fur- 
nifned with poimts, like arafp, which turns 
yeund m a box. The roots are put into 
- this -box, and prefled, by means of a: 
weight, againit the cylinder, which, upon 
being turned round, foon reduces them to 
akind of pulp. After the roots have been 
thus ground or fliced, the juice is prefled 
eut of them by means of a prefs. When 
this is done, a fmalk quantity of water 
may be poured on the remains of the 
reots, and they may he again fub- 
mitted to the ‘action of the prefs. ‘The 
juice, thus prefled out, is to be boiled, 
ia -proper kettles :or caldrons, over a 
gentle fixe, till it 1s brought:to the con- 
hitence of a thin fyrup. Thefe caldrons 
mut have flat bottoms, and mutt be fixed 
am. brick work, in fach. manner that the 
heat may be applied only to the bottoms 
of them. ‘The pice mutt be repeatedly fkim- 
med whiif boiling. Whemit has acquired 
the above-mentioned confitence, it mutt 
of 
be carefully feparated from a kind of mu- 
cilace which adheres to the bottom of the 
caldron. This liquor, after beme trained, 
is to be poured into,a fecond: caldron, 
and again boiled, till it is brought to 
a proper confiftence for cryftallization. 
This confiftence cannot well be defcribed, 
but experience wil foon point it out. 
The fyrup is then to be put into fnal- 
low tin pans, for the fugar to cryftallize. 
‘Fhefe pans fhould be about the fize of a 
large fheet of paper, and the fyrup in 
them. fhould net be above two or three 
inches indepth. They fheuld be placed 
upon a. kind of ftage, in a rcom heated 
pretty highly by a ftove; and the ftage 
thould be fo contrived:that the heat may 
have accefs to every part of them. Ait 
the end of a fortnight or three weeks, the 
fagar will be feparated, in the form of 
fmall eryitals, lize grams of fand. When 
this: eryitallization has taken place,. the 
whale is to: be poured into linen bags, and 
pvelied » the: fugar remains in the bags. 
‘The ftrained liquor may: be again boiled 
to a proper confiftence, and once more fet 
to cryftallize, in the heated room ; by this 
means, more fugar will be ebtained. 
‘Twenty-four: meafures of roots, each of 
which weighs: about ninety pounds (in 
ali 2260 pounds) produee one hundred 
pounds: of: raw fugar; that is, twenty 
pounds of roots produce nearly one 
poundof fugar.: One: hundred pounds of 
raw fugar givefifty.five pounds of refined 
{ugar;. anditwenty-five pounds of melaffes. 
Iris computed: that one German fquare. 
mule; om fixteem Englifli {quare miles, “of 
Literary and Philofophical Intelligence, 
‘foed for cattle. 
[ Auguft, 
land, properly cuitivated, will produce 
white beet fufficient to furnith the whele 
Prufiian dornimions with fugar. No part of 
the pliant is ufelefs: the leaves, ftalks, 
and the remains of the roots are good 
A wfeful pafte to ftop holes. in irer 
culinary wtentils has been lately invented 
by Kaffelyz.—TVo fix parts of yellow Pot- 
ter’s clay, add one part of fteeh Slings, and 
a fufaeient quantity of linfeed-oil, and 
make the patte of the confiftence of gla- 
zier*s putty, with which the holes are te 
be filled. é | 
M. VauQuELIN, in a Letter to Brag- 
natelli, fates that he has lately difcovered 
a new metal contained in-the red-lead of 
Siberia. 
A curious. memoir has lately appeared” 
Inthe 86th Number of the ** Aznales de 
Chimie,”: ox the iritability manifefted by 
the ftamina of the flowers of the forrel- 
thorn, by M.DescemMer.' He conceives 
that this irritability, by which the Ramina, 
in confequence of being touched,, incline 
nearly two lines, is deitined by nature to 
promete the a& of generation. 
Dr. CaRkaADoRI, having made feveral 
curious experiments on the re{piration of 
frogs. and: fifhes, fays, he is fully convin- 
ced that frogs are obliged to refpire to pre- 
ferve their lite. He ebferves, that thefe 
-animals,if kept under water, lived muck 
longer when: the vefiels mto which-they 
were put were left opem, than when they 
were clofely fhut, and that the duration of 
their lives was long or fhorty in propor. 
tion to. the extent of the water in which 
they were caught. Cn being placed un-— 
dex water which had a thin furface of ail, 
they lived but a very flrort time. When 
put into pure oil, they lived about 40 mi- 
nutes. 
Dr. Carranors, inaletter to. My La& 
ti, on the Digeftive Faculties of Noétur- 
nal Animals of Prey, fuppofes it nolonger 
doubtful, that birds of prey digéit vege- 
tables. It appears from his experiments, 
that thefe animals: fupport themielves: very 
well on this kind of food, although it ap- 
pears contrary to theif nature. CaRrRa- 
port by this means explodes the erroneous 
opinion, that the gaftrie juice of theie 
birds was homogeneous with animal fab- 
ftances. What is here eftablithed by the ex- 
periments of Dr. CARRADOR I, thatcarnivo- 
rous. animals: derive nourifhment from the 
produce of plants, new appears very: pro~ 
bable:from the difcevery, made by Four- 
croy, of the exiftence: of gluten, albumen, 
The 
and jelly: in vegetables, 
* 
