eS a SS ee 
20, Literary and Philsfophical Intellizence. 
Mr. Mackin TOsH intends to commence 
a fecond cotirfe of lectures in November ; 
of which particular notice will appear here- 
after in the news-papers. ‘ 
“The Rev. Dr. Warxkins, whole bio- 
graphical papers have frequented interelted 
the readers of the Monthly Magazine, will 
ipeedily publifh, in one large volume oc- 
tavo, an univerfal Biographical Dictionary, 
which, in refpect to defign, will bear 
the fame relation to biography that the or- 
dinary Gazetteers bear to geography. 
Such a compendious biographical work 
has long been wanted, and can fcarcely 
tail to be well received by the public. 
The Rev. W. Tooke, whohas already 
diftinguifhed himfelf by his valuable pub- 
lications relative to the Ruffian empire, is 
at this time employed upon a Hiltory of 
Rufa, from the eftablithment of the Mon- 
archy by Rurick to the acceffion of Ca- 
tharine the Second. 
In a valuable letter from Mr. Herbert 
Marth to A. Young, Efq. inferted in the 
Annals of Agriculture, No. 188, an ac- 
count is given of the methods empioyed 
by the peafants about Leipfic to pats their 
fevere winters without injury. Every 
farm is furnifhed with an out-houfe built 
of clay mixed with chopped ftraw, the 
walls of which are four feet thick. [Its 
roof is clay, thatched over. It has no 
windows, but a few holes for the circula- 
tion of air. Its door is faced with iron, 
fo that the whole is fire proof. Befides 
the ground-floor, it has two upper floors. 
In the ground-floor all forts of roots ufed 
for food and fodder are kept during the 
winter. Of thofe fome of the principal 
are the root of the long white beet, and 
of the beet called runcles. (beta maxima), 
from which fugar has been made. The 
upper ftories are ufed as granaries. By 
means of thefe clay houtes the feverett 
frofts are refifted, and fodder is preferved 
good during the longeft winters. In ad- 
dition to dry fodder, oil-cake foups, made 
by diffolving the cakes in warm water, are 
given to both ewes and cows during win- 
ter; alfo gruels made with half-cround 
rye or barley. By this mode of manage- 
ment, it appears:that much lefs is fuffered 
in the hard winters in Saxony, than in 
thofe which occafionally occur among us. 
Mr. Marth mentions, as the beft account 
of the agriculture of that country, a book 
entitled Sach/jicher Landwirth, written by a 
Saxon gentleman. “This work, he thinks, 
might afford various inftructive extracts 
for our farmers. <a 
An agricultural practice called wapP- 
ING which confilis in letting in the 
f O&ober, : 
muddy water of the tides, and fuffering 
it to ee its fediment on the land, 1s 
now the objeét of great attention in Lin- 
colnfhire, and appears to be a moft capi- 
tal improvement. It is particularly de- 
fcribed in the above-mentioned number of 
** Annals of Agriculture,” | 
Mr. Witiiam Piayrair has in the 
prefs, ** Strictures on the Afiatic Efta- 
biifiments of Great Britain; or, an In- 
quiry into the true Interefts of the Eaft 
India Company, as conneéted with thofe 
of the Nation at large:” comprehending 
the pretenfions of individual traders, and 
uniting their contending interefts with the 
chartered rights of the Company, to the 
total ‘annihilation of what is termed illicit 
trade. In order to illuftrate the progref- 
five rife of our exports and imports to 
and from India, there will be added to 
this work a chart, elezantly engraved and 
coloured, reprefenting clearly and compre- 
henfively the regular gradation ef this 
extenfive and lucrative commerce during 
the whole of the prefent century. 
' The Tranflator of ‘* Campe’s Difco- 
very of America,’’ is encouraged to pro- 
ceed with the fecond and third volumes. 
‘They are now inthe prefs, and will foon 
be publifhed. 
An aftronomical inftrument, called the 
Ajflrarium, exbibiting at one view all the 
ftars which are vifible at any time ef the 
year in Great Britain and Ireland, and 
which may be adjufted to any given time, 
will fpeedily be publifhed. 
Friar PavLinus, one of the moft 
diftinguifhed Oriental fcholars m Eu- 
rope, and who very lately enjoyed a poft 
under the Propaganda at Rome, is now . 
gone to Padua in the double capacity of 
rileheae to the univerfity and fecretary to 
the Propaganda, who are removed thither 
from Rome. 
TRat city, which for cen- 
turies has been a venerable feat of learn- 
ing, cannot but rejoice at’ furnifhing a, 
fan@uary to fo many worthy and deferving 
literati, that have repaired thither from 
the convulfed parts of the reft of Ftaly, 
and among whom the celebrated Bargia * 
ftands confpicuous. It is, indeed, la- 
mentable; that Friar Paulinus, by being 
deprived of all typographical refources, 
has been compelled to give up, perhaps 
for ever, his pfofpects of ditclofing to 


* This worthy cardinal, who, it is faid, 
had little reafon to be pleafed with the treat- 
ment he lately experienced from the French, 
receives, fince his quitting Rome, a very 
liberal penfion from the enlightened court of 
Denmark. 
Euro- 
/ 
