
812 
only publithed in April laft. Three addi- 
tional differtations are annexed: the firft, 
Mémoire infirudiif fur le travail des bor- 
foges et des montres a longitude, ad- 
drefied to the Afemblée Conflituante, which 
by a decree had fuppreffed the annual pen- 
fion of three thouiand livres, which Ber- 
thoud had enjoyed under the old govern- 
ment. “In the iecond differtation he de- 
feribes two aftronomical clocks.—In the 
third, Effai-fur une méthode fimple de con. 
server le rapport des poids et des mefures, et 
@établir une mefure uuiverselle et — 
tueile, Be as propofes to make 
cylinder a Parifian foot in length, and halt 
an inch in diameter, and to “obferve the 
ee. 
vibrations in an hour or 
during a whole day: {uch a cylinder of 
copper weions thirteen ounces fix drachms: 
and i in 1791, at1o decreés'of Reaumur, it 
vibrated 77%o times in an hour. “ It 
is furprifiing,’ (fays Dr. Burckhardt, ) 
“© that fo experienced an artift fhould not 
perceive. that the length of a fimple pen- 
dulum for vibrating ‘feconds, exprefled. in 
Parifian meafure, would with far greater 
accuracy preferve and tranfmit to pofterity 
the lensth of this meafure, than the means 
propoléd by him.” Berthoud_has like- 
wile publithed Suite du Traité des Monires 
& Longitude, Gc. an.V.(1797). The work 
1s divided into two parts: the firft con- 
tains general principles, remarks, proofs, 
the fecond a defcription of feveral 
time pieces, executed agreeably to the fun- 
damental principles laid down in the firft 
part.—Annexed is a {mall Treatife de la 
Mefure du Temps pour les horloges dans 
Lufage civil, which he read to the National 
‘number of its 

_Anititute, for the purpote of recommending 
the introduction and ufe of mediuin time. © 
Among other, works lately tranflated 
into Spanifh are Addifon’s Cate, and Lord 
Macartney’s embafly to China. — The 
Spaniards, indeed, emuloufly follow the 
fteps of their contemporaries in the culti- 
vation of the arts and ‘{ciences ; as is proved . 
by the multiplicity of good "Beoks latesy — 
publifhed by them. Telegraphy too has 
its admirers and promoters in Spain; the 
honour of being the firft inventor of the 
art is even claimed by a native of Spain, 
Deon Salvador Ximenes Coronado, Dire&tor 
of the Obfervatory at Madrid. When at 
Paris in the year 1786, on accidentally 
infpecting fome largeachromatic telefcopes, 
the idea ftruck him, that they might be 
ufed as ameans of communication be- 
tween perfons at a diftance. He after- 
wards met with an anonymous pamphlet, 
in which acouftic means were propofed for 
that purpofe; and at laft heard of Linguet, © 
who offered to dilcover a method by which 
' 
Literary and Philofophical Intelligence. 
[ November, 
a correfpondence might in a few minutes 
be carried on betwixt Paris and Breft, 
This encouraged him to procéed.—Inceft 
fantly occupied with his favourite purfwit, 
he year after year laboured in bringing his. 
plan to. perfection ; and at length, in1790, 
publicly announced it in his aftronomical 
letures. Three years, however, elapfed | 
before, on the eltablifhment of the French 
telegraphs, he had an opportunity of at- 
tracting the attention of the Principe de la 
Paz tohis invention. Being now enabled to 
make experiments, he found his apparatus 
to an{wer the intended purpofe at the dif- 
tance of nine Spanifh miles; and by in- 
creafing the fize of the objets, even at the 
diftance of fifteen miles. His method ap~ 
pears to be founded on aftronomical and 
nautical fignals ; and he accordingly deno. 
minates“it the afronomical. It 1s faid te 
be properly an improvement of the ancient 
Grecian method: and that by means of it 
a correfpondence may bé earricd on in alf 
languages, and on every subject. ' Poac- 
ceicrate the tranfmiffion of intelligence cer 
tain hieroglyphics fhould- be invented for 
angle: facts and whole fentences : however; 
regard muft be had, not toomake them too 
intricate and diffictilt for the operators, 
After, this preliminary account, followed 
the tranflation of an Italian work, written 
by the Spanifh Abbé Requeno; the fame y 
whofe encauftic experiments have given 
him celebrity in the republic of letters. 
His book bears the title of O7igen, pro- 
grefos, perdida, y refiablecimiento del anti- 
gio arte de batlar defde lejos ew la guerras 
Madrid, by the widow Ibarra. He endea- 
vours to prove, that neither the French nor 
Pruffian telegraphs can be compared with 
the ancient ; and that the method of the 
Greeks and Romans, as improved by 
Ximenes, is the only true one, becaufe by 
it intelligence may be tranfmitted and re- 
ceived in aff languages. 
Lauanbe «avrites from Paris to M. v,. 
Zach: ** T have fent you all the papers, 
drawings, &c. of Beauchamp in the ori- 
ginal; make whatever ufe you can and 
Bleale of them, and then return them to 
meé, as I have not taken copies of them. 
Among his MSS. you will find fome re~ 
marks concerning the meafures ufed in 
Perfia. Of Beauchamp, I have no direct 
accounts: I only know, that, being fent 
by Buonaparte with a fetret commiffion to 
~ 
the Porte, he had the misfortune te fall into - 
the hanidy of the Englifh, who carried him 
to Conftantinople. Ac firft he met with 
a favourable réception: but wag after- 
wards confined as a clofe prifoner in the 
arfenal, to prevent the affairs he came te 
treat’ about from tranfpiring.”’ | 
NEW 
