! 
1799. | 
bt 1g 2] 
NEW PATENTS LATELY ENROLLED. 
MR. MURRAY’S STEAM-ENGINES. 
N the 16th of July Mr. MatTHew 
Murray, of Leeds, obtained let- 
ters patent for fundry improvements in the 
fteam-engine, by which he faves fuel, lef- 
fens the expence of ereftion, and produces 
a more fteady motion. 
With a view to fave fuel Mr. Murray 
provides the top of the boiler with a {mall 
' cylinder, and pifton, and rack, by means - 
of which the fteam within the boiler raifes 
up or lets falla damper inthechimney. He 
is thus enabled by the increafe or decreafe 
of the fteam, to diminifh or increafe the 
intenfity of the fire, and to keep up a due 
proportion between the denfity of the 
fteam and the draght of the fire. 
His fecond improvement caufes the 
fteam to act horizontally on piftons which 
lie in an horizontal direStion. A more 
convenient motion can thus be applied to 
mill-work, and a much longer ftroke be 
obtained than in the ufual way. 
By his third improvement he caufes the 
piftons, by their reciprocating motion, to 
produce a circular: motion of equal power, 
and enables the engine to fx alternately 
the wheels neceffary for pruducing motion, 
in perpendicular or horizontal direétions. 
‘It is impoffible for us to defcribe all the 
_ particular contrivances without the aid of 
the drawing, we therefore refer thofe of 
our readers who may be particularly intes- 
efted to the fpecification at the proper office. 

MR. WILKINSON'S CERUSE. 
N the 18th of June Mr. Joun WI1L- 
KINSON, of Cattle-Head, Lancafhire, 
obtained a patent for a new method of 
making cerufe or white-lead. 
Inftead of corroding blue lead, by vine- 
gar, in pots, withtheheat of dung or bark, 
Mr. Wilkinfon takes litharge and grinds 
it exceedingly fine in fea-water, or in any 
other faline mixture; and then by repeated 
trituration, wafhing, and bleaching, he 
obtains. white-lead of the beft quality. 
The faline mixture 1¢ ufed to facilitate the 
procefs, and the eerufe may be procured 
by levigation, wafhings, and drying by 
the medium of the common air, more time 
being allowed for the operation. 
“water. 
MR. CHAPMAN’S FOR A METHOD OF 
CLEARING SKINS OF WOOL, @c. 
N the 6th of June Mr. Tuomas 
CHapman, fkinner of Bermondfey, 
enrolled a {pecification for a method of 
taking off the wool or fur from feal or 
other {kins in a more perfect manner than 
hitherto, for the purpofe of manufacturing 
the fame into hats or other articles of 
cloathing. Mr. Chapman lays the fkin 
in its natural ftate in cold water for about 
1z hours, and, witha flefhing-knife, fcrapes 
off the oily fubftance that adheres to the 
pelt. He then wafhes it in water madeas 
hot as the hand can bear, and in which is 
diffolved foap and pearl-afh, in the propor- 
tion of three pounds and a half of foap, 
and two of pearl-afh, to 23 gallons of 
The fkin is then put to dry in a 
hoop, and afterwards wafhed again in the 
hot mixture above-mentioned. . In this 
ftate a frefth application of the beaming- 
knife will clear the fkin of all the coarfe 
hair, and leave only the fur or wool. 
The fkin is then to be immerfed in 
warm. water for 12 hours, in which is to 
be diffolved, in every 28 galions, three 
pounds of foap, one pound and a half of 
pearl-afh, and one or two pounds of ba- 
rilla, more or lefs according to the nature 
of the fkin. The beaming-knife will now 
take off all the wool or fur, and the fkin 
will be left wholly free from hair or wool, 
without having fuftained any injury in its 
furface or fubftance. 
Afver the fkin is thus cleared, put the 
wool or fur in a clofe hair-bottom fieve. 
Then take two veflels capable of contain- 
ing 28 gallons, and having filled one of 
them with water, put into it 3% pounds of 
foap, and 2% of pearl-afh, and heat the. 
water fufficiently todiffolve the fame. Iim- 
merfe the fieve containing the wool oy fur 
into the mixture, and ftir it in the fame 
fora few minutes. Laftly, fill the other 
veffel with warm water, and therein wath 
and cleanfe the wool or fur; and when it 
is flowly dried and bowed, it will be 
adapted to the manufaéture of hats, and 
other articles of cloathing; and prove 
nearly equal to the fur of beavers. 
i 
4 

The Retrofpe® of the Progrefs of the Fine Arts is unavoidably deferred till our next, 
oi Account of the Indijpeftion of the Writer. 
> 
’ Montruty Mag. Ne, LI, 
5M A CORRECT 
