1797+) 
tions to be confined toa certain number. 
In the year 1768, government prohibit- 
ed planting till the whole number of 
producing fruit, which | 
clove trees 
amounted then to 759,040, thould be 
reduced to 5g0,000. Inthe year 1770, 
the company receiyed 2,200,000 pounds 
of cloves, which coft them no more than © 
five ftivers per pound *. 
Banda, the fecond government in 
the eaft, confifts of feveral fmall iflands, 
the fervants belonging to which are 
about’ as: numerous as thofe of Am- 
boyna. This place is fo fortified by 
mature, that it has little to apprehend 
from an enemy. The coaft is every 
where fo fteep, that it is almoft impoffible 
to find a landing place; and the naviga- 
tion is fo dangerous that fhips dare 
{carcely approach it. The company’s 
fhips muft be carried into the harbour by 
a number of {mall veffels. The produc- 
tions confift of nutmegs and mace. A 
pound of the former cofts the company 
one ftiver one fourth; and a pound of the 
Jatter almoft nine ftivers. 
The third government is Ternate, to 
which the ifland of Tidor belongs. They 
are both defended by a garrifon of 700 
men. Im Ternate, all the fpice trees 
have been rooted out, and no new ones 
dare be planted ; yet it is of great im- 
portance for the protection of the Spice’ 
dflands, as, with five or fix neighbour. 
ing ifles, it forms, as it were, a key to 
them. Thefe iflands are called the Mo- 
luccas The Englith attempted to form an 
eftablifhment on a* {mall ifland in this 
neighbourhood, named Sullok, but they 
abandoned it in the year 1706. 
Macaflar, on the ifland of Celebdes, 
the fourth government, confifts of a part 
of that ifland fubjeét to the company ,who 
are in alliance with the chief princes of 
the remaining part. ‘The garrifon is of 
the fame ftrength as the former ; and here 
and there forts have been built to prevent 
any infurre¢tion ; but the chief fupport.of 
the company is the jealoufy which they 
foment among the princes with whom 
they are in ailiance, by. which means the 
datter are prevented from falling upon the 
Dutch fettlements with their united 
forces. This ifland furnithes flaves and 
Tice, but its principal utility is, that it 
ferves to proteét the Moluccas and Spice 
Silands. On the ifland of Timor, which 
‘belongs partly to the Dutch and partly 
“to the Portuguefe, the company keep 
- 



* About five-pence fterling. 
“@qual to little more than a penny, 
e 
% 
A ftiver is 

_ Eight Dutch Governments in India. ne 
fome troops with a commandant. The 
cafe is the fame at Banjermatifing, on the 
-fouth fide of the ifland of Borneo. The 
principal produétion there is pepper. 
Malacca is the fifth government, anda 
place of great importance, on account of 
the paffage through the ftraits of the 
fame name tothe eaftern part of Afia. 
All fhips going to China, Tonquin, 
Siam, and the Moluccas, muf either pafs 
here or through the ftraits of Sunda, and 
by a fmall force both might be eafily 
blocked up. The garrifon amounts te 
about 500 men. 
The governor of the fixth govern- 
ment,on the north-eaft coaft of Java, ge- 
nerally refides at Samarang. from which 
the company procure the greater part of 
their rice and timber for building. All 
the coaft to Cheribon belongs to this go- 
vernment, and it is reckoned the moft 
confiderable of the whole. 
To the feventh government, on the 
Coromandel coaft, belongs, befides Nega- 
patnam, all the faétories along that 
coat, fuch as Palicel, Sadrafpatnam, Jag- 
gernackpoeram and Bimilipatnam. The 
goods brought thence confifts in all forts 
of cotton cloth. 
The eighth government is Ceylon, 
and Matura on the oppofite coaft belongs 
to it. This extenfive ifland, fince the 
peace made with the emperor of Candy 
in. 1763, was entirely. fubjeét to the 
Dutch Eaft-India company, as they were 
in poffeffion of the whole coaft and all 
harbours around it. The emperor was 
entirely confined to the inland parts of 
the country, and had no paffage to the 
fea but over the territories of the com- 
pany. This was all that the company 
gained by an,extenfive war, which coft 
them more than eight millions of florins*. 
Until the above treaty, the Dutch am- 
baffadors fent to the court of Candy, 
were obliged to appear before the em- 
peror creeping on their knees; but it 
was then ftipulated that, in future, they 
fhould be admitted ftanding. 
The principal and almoft only pro- 
duction of the ifland is cinnamon. Be- 
fides this, the company received annually 
a thoufand rix-dollars from the pearl- 
fifhery. Formerly the pearls were filhed 
up in the Tutokore banks; but, at pre- 
fent, they are fifhed up on the Ceylon 
coaft, from the banks of Manaar and 
Aripo. The oylter banks, however, are 
not always in a condition for  fifhing. 
For this reafon, the council of Ceylon 

* About 790,000l, fterling. 
ufed 














