498 EARNINGS OF SHEPHERDS. 



cottage, together with ‘‘lamb money,’ an item almost 
invariably paid where large flocks are kept, in Norfolk, 
Suffolk, Hampshire, Wiltshire, and Dorset, and very gener- 
ally elsewhere, except in the northern counties. ‘There are 
frequently other allowances in kind, though the practice of 
making such payments varies considerably, even in the same 
county. From information furnished by employers of labour 
and by chairmen of Rural District Councils, the value of 
these allowances, together with the cash wages paid in each 
county, has been calculated to show as far as_ possible 
what may be considered to be the estimated earnings of 
shepherds in various counties in England. These are 
highest in Lincoln and Nottingham, where they amount 
to 20s. or over; whilst in the North and East Ridings of 
York, Stafford, Leicester, Rutland, Warwick, Monmouth, 
Kent, Surrey, and Essex, the total earnings worked out 
to. 19s..or more; in Northampton, Shropshire, Herioerd: 
Suffolk, and Sussex they were 18s. and upwards; and in the 
remaining counties from 16s. to 18s. per week. In Cumber- 
land and Westmorland there are, generally speaking, but few 
reguiar shepherds except on estates or large farms. When 
regular shepherds are employed they get from 15s. to 22s. per 
week and a free house, and sometimes fuel free or carted ; and 
occasionally a little extra for lamb money. In Durham and 
parts of Northumberland shepherds get from 15s. to 20s. a 
week in cash with similar allowances. Sometimes they get 
less cash and the keep of one or two cows or perhaps a few 
sheep. In the north of Northumberland the conditions are 
very similar to those described as prevailing in Scotland, 
where the keep of a small flock of sheep forms an important 
item in the total earnings. 
In Wales, on a very large number of farms no regular 
shepherds are employed, but where kept they are, generally 
speaking, paid rather higher wages than the ordinary 
labourers, the shepherd, if he is in charge of a large flock, 
veing frequently the highest paid man. Lamb money, 
however, in Wales is not nearly so common as in England. 
In Scotland shepherds are an important class, and in the 
