height straw, gives better seedings. Before selecting 
a variety, farmers should decide whether or not they 
are going to combine the crop. If so, they should 
definitely use a variety like Clinton, which has very 
stiff straw that ripens a little later than the grain 
and does not crinkle and lodge. Oat diseases must also 
be considered. Clinton is resistant to leaf and stem 
rust and to the very severe oat blight which has 
wrecked so many fields of oats in the past two years. 
Mohawk. Similar in appearance and perform- 
ance to Clinton. They may be used interchangeably. 
Vicland Oats are useless and unproductive in most 
areas of G.L.F. territory due to the oat blight known 
as Helminthosporium, to which they are very sus- 
ceptible. This variety should be supplemented with 
the new Clinton or Mohawk oats. 
Llenroc, Ithacan and Ajax. Farmers who want 
large amounts of straw and who do not have to con- 
sider hay and pasture seedings with their oats, will 
perhaps want to use the older late maturing varieties. 
Some growers still like to sow Llenroc, Ithacan or 
Ajax, which are excellent yielders, although highly 
susceptible to rust. If sown, they should be planted 
early. 
Barley 
Barley is grown for feed on the better, more fertile 
soils in some areas of G.L.F. territory. Only on the 
better soils does barley out-yield oats in feed produc- 
tion. G.L.F. barley is of very high quality and is pro- 
duced in the best barley growing sections available. 
Alpha is the most popular variety. It is 2-rowed, 
rough awned and has a fairly stiff straw. 
Wisconsin 38 is a smooth awned, 6-rowed malting 
type barley, with a rather weak straw, and is pre- 
ferred by some barley growers. 
Bay, a new Michigan variety, is being offered this 
year by G.L.F. It is similar in appearance to Wiscon- 
sin 38 and is a 6-rowed, smooth awned type with 
fairly stiff straw. It is considered by many growers 
to be superior to Wisconsin 38. 
Soybeans 
Soybeans require well drained and very fertile soil 
in an area where warm weather comes rather early 
in the spring, and summer temperatures are high. 
Only limited areas of G.L.F. territory are suited to 
economical soybean production. The shortness of the 
season in much of G.L.F. territory requires very 
2arly varieties, such as Cayuga and Earlyana, al- 
though New Jersey and part of Pennsylvania can 
-——s«STn G.L.F. territory oats and spring barley usually 
- follow corn in the rotation and the corn often re- 
- eeives a liberal application of manure. Considerable 
nitrogen is often available for the oats or barley 
from the manure applied the previous year. Under 
such conditions, 300 pounds of 20% superphosphate 
- js the normal recommendation. On light soils, espe- 
cially if an alfalfa or Ladino clover mixture is seeded 
with the oats or barley, 0-20-20 or 0-14-14 is usually 
preferable. Where the application of manure the 
previous year was under 10 tons to the acre, 300 to 
400 pounds to the acre of 6-12-6, 6-18-6, 4-12-8, or 
5-10-10 is recommended. ; 
-. Mohawk and Clinton oats are more resistant to 
lodging than the older varieties. Preliminary experi- 
grow the fuller season varieties like Kingwa and 
Lincoln. 
Cayuga is a black seeded variety and the earliest 
of the G.L.F. varieties. The straw is short and not 
adapted for hay purposes. 
Earlyana is a new, very early yellow bean, slightly 
later than Cayuga. It is very productive and rapidly 
gaining in popularity. 
Seneca is a yellow bean about two weeks later than 
Cayuga and grows somewhat taller. 
Kingwa is a late maturing variety and is an im- 
proved selection from Wiison. The seed is black, 
which is not objectionable when this variety is used 
for hay. Kingwa is too late for grain production, 
except in New Jersey and part of Pennsylvania. 
Lincoln is a new, late maturing, full season yellow 
bean, very popular in the mid-west and adapted to 
only the best sections of G.L.F. territory when used 
for grain. 
W heat 
Considerable acreage of wheat has been grown in 
G.L.F. territory for many years. A high percentage 
of the acreage is seeded to soft, white wheat in west- 
ern New York where it is grown for milling purposes. 
In eastern New York, New Jersey and Pennsylvania, 
most of the wheat is grown for feed purposes. Most 
wheat grown in Pennsylvania and New Jersey is of 
the red varieties. 
Yorkwin is a very popular variety of white wheat, 
having a white chaff and white kernel. It is a high- 
yielding variety with moderately stiff straw. 
Cornell-595 is a new variety and is rapidly gaining 
in popularity. It is a white wheat with a bronze chaff 
and on many farms gives slightly larger yields than 
Yorkwin. 
Thorne is a comparatively new red wheat popular 
in Pennsylvania and New Jersey. It is moderate in 
height and stands up well. 
Leaps Prolific is an old standard red variety which 
has been grown in Pennsylvania and New Jersey for 
many years. The straw is not quite as stiff as Thorne. 
Winter Barley 
Wong Winter Barley is a variety developed at 
Cornell University and is the most popular variety 
grown in G.L.F. territory. It has a stiff straw which 
makes it adapted to combining. 
FOR SMALL GRAINS 
ments indicate that it is likely to be profitable to 
apply more nitrogen fertilizer for them than for 
other varieties, more work is needed, though, before 
this can be definitely recommended. Where ivuying is 
a problem fertilizer such as 0-20-20, 0-14-14 or 
straight superphosphate should be used. 
Winter wheat and winter barley usually follow 
oats or spring barley and 300 to 400 pounds of 6-18-6 
6-12-6, 4-12-8, or 5-10-10 is recommended. If the 
wheat is to be lightly topdressed with manure during 
the winter the amount of mixed fertilizer may be cut 
in half. Where wheat follows heavily fertilized po- 
tatoes and lodging is a problem, 200 pounds of super- 
phosphate-is adequate. (See Page 14 for a report on 
the fertilizer situation.) 
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