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le Southern States, about $4,50 or $5. 
| Another desirable cage is constructed of galvanized iron 
ith an opening on either side 1 foot wide and 2 feet 
eep; that is, extending from 6 inches from the top to the 
ottom of the cage. The opening on each side is covered with 
6-mesh brass wire cloth. This cage is the same size as the 
ther screen cages mentioned and with the same kind of a top 
josts $5. 
/ The pots, as well as the wire cages, are gunken in the 
round and. filled with sifted soil, care being taken not to 
mtroduce any foreign grubs. Some decaying cornstalks or row 
pen sod (which is free from grubs) is placed in the soil 6 
inches or a foot from the surface. The top of the cage is sod- 
fed, and later some corn may be planted. 
9 These underground cages, especially the flowerpot cages, 
ill require more or lesa artificial watering during the summer; 
in fact much of the success of the experiment will depend on 
fhe proper moisture conditions. In late fall or early winter 
the tops of the flower pot cages should be removed and the 
Sages covered with a straw and manure muich in order to protect 
the grubs, since these do not, in these cages, have an opportunity 
to go down as deep as under natural conditions. 
When possible three cages should be started for each species 
in order that one cage, or part of a cage, may be examined 
lil assuming that the grubs have @ two or three year 
cycie. 
' For obtaining material for use in rearing cages, beetles 
should be collected from trees at night, and it is advisable, 
Where possible, to use only pairs taken in copula. These are 
not difficult to obtain, especially if search is made On warm 
evenings about 11 or 12 o’clock. For use in smaller pots one or 
two pairs are sufficient, two or three pairs for the 15 and 16 
inch pots and three or four pairs for the 20-inch screen-wire 
cages. | 
" Only external characters can be used in determining the 
male beetles for breeding cages, but in the case of females the 
Orgen may be extruded and examined by gently opening the anal . 
flap with the thumb nail and at the same time pressing the ab- 
domen gently but firmly with the thumb of the left hand. Usually 
the organ can be sufficiently examined when only partly extruded, 
thus eliminating the possibility of injuring the female. 
3 Vale beetles are usually distinguished from the females 
by having a more or less flattened area along the ventral median 
surface of the abdomen, and by the longer antennal lamellae. In 
fgome cases the male has @ rounded and swollen abdomen the same 4&8 
ithe female, for example, in Lachnosterna crenulata and L. 
\rubiginosa. 
@ Having placed the beetles in the cages it is necessary to 
feed them occasionally, using for this purpose tne foliage from 
ae 
