Violet, Downy Yellow. Viola pu- 
bescens. Leaves are downy be- 
neath, golden yellow flowers, 
plant 6-12 in. tall. Dry shady 
sites, rock gardens. 
Violet, Palmate-leaved. Viola pal- 
mata. Unusually deep lobed 
leaves for a violet plant. Flow- 
ers bright light violet and 
fairly large. Dry ground, shade 
or sun. 
Violet, Smooth Yellow. Viola 
scabriuscula. Two to four stems 
from one rootstock. More slen- 

der and not quite as tall as the 
Downy Yellow. Blossoms April 
to early May. Prefers shade. 
Violet, Yellow Round-leaved. Vi- 
ola rotundifolia.. A modest 
small violet, light yellow 
veined with madder purple, 
April to May. Leaves round to 
long heart shaped, about 1 in. 
broad at blossom time, ex- 
panding to 2 to 4 inches and 
flat on the ground later. Cool, 
damp to dry shady situations; 
often good ground cover where 
other things won’t grow. 
FERNS 
Beech Fern, Broad. Dryopteris 
hexagonoptera. Winged wood- 
fern. Triangular fronds. Shade 
or partial shade, damp to dryer 
sites, neutral soil. Height 12-18 
in. 
Beech Fern, Narrow. Phegopteris 
-polypodioides. Triangle-shaped 
fronds, 3 to 10 in. long. Succes- 
sion of fronds all season, only 
one frond present at a time. 
Creeping rootstocks. Bottom 
pair of pinnae grow downward 
and. outward. Moist to fairly 
dry sites; prefers shade, but 

will grow in sun if not too dry. 
Bladder, Berry. Cystopteris bulb- 
ifera. Brookside, ‘damp shade. 
Graceful, slender fern, 2-3 ft., 
half reclining. 
Bladder, Fragile, Brittle Fern. 
Cystopteris fragilis. More deli- 
cate than above, and about one 
third in size. Dormant in Au- 
gust. An early fern, loves rocks. 
Christmas Fern. Polystichum ac- 
rostichoides. Evergreen fronds, 
up to 20 inches long. Likes good 
shade, enough moisture. Plant 

