— 9 ee 
agilis Cress., Secodella subopaca Gahan, Secodella n. sp., Amblyteles 
sp. possibly soror Cress., Cremastus n. sp., and Nemorilla floralis 
Fall. The last three species of parasites were not bred from the nut 
case bearer at this laboratory prior to 1931. Trichogramma minutum Riley 
was the only parasite reared from the egg of the nut case bearer," 
Winter applications of oil emulsions cause injury.-Experiments by 
=e 
Oliver I. Snapp and J. R. Thomson, Fort Valley, Ga., to determine the cu— 
mulative effect from the use of different concentrations of lubricating— 
oil emulsions on peach trees are reported by them- "The peach trees 
that were sprayed with lubricating-oil emulsion at different strengths 
on January 20 showed the following conditions on February 29: Three 
per cent and 6 per cent emulsions, no injury; 8 per cent emulsion, con-— 
siderable injury to twigs; 12 per cent emulsion, considerable injury 
to twigs; 15 and 25 per cent emulsions, severe injury to twigs. This 
is the first year injury to peach trees from an 8 per cent lubricating— 
oil emulsion was observed. This may be due to the abnormally high 
temperatures prevailing since the sprays were applied. The maximum 
temperatures on the second, third, and fourth days after spraying were 
74.5, 75.3, and 76.1 degrees, respectively, and three weeks after spray-— 
ing the maximum was 81 degrees. This is the fourth consecutive annual 
application of the 10 per cent emulsion and the third consecutive annual 
application of the 3, 6, 8, 12, and 15 per cent emulsions." 

A new use for worn-out motor oils.-—Messrs. Snapp and Thomson have 
found that "A fairly stable emulsion of worn-out oil from the crank case 
of automobiles was produced by the use of an excess of a nonsoap emulsi- 
fier. On February 20 counts of San Jose scale (Aspidiotus perniciosus 
Comst.) were made on the trees which were sprayed on January 20 with a 4 
per cent emulsion of worn-out crank case oil." The average percentage of 
scale alive before spraying was 88.2 +2.19 and one month after spraying 
with 4 per cent emulsion of worn-out crank-case oil, it was 2.041.0, 
whereas in the checks the percentages were 88.740.49 alive on January 
20 and 86.540.4 alive one month later, the average percentage of con— 
trol with the spray being 97.64+1.1. "These results indicate that worn— 
out oil from the crank-case of automobiles will give very good control 
of the San Jose scale when used at 4 per cent strength, provided the 
Oil is completely emulsified and the emulsion is fairly stable." 
Winter mortality of codling moth.-A. J. Ackerman and S. A. Summer— 
land report that "Examinations for mortality of overwintered codling moth 
larvae kept in the insectary breeding shelter at Bentonville (Ark.) 
during the winter of 1931-32 were made late in February. In a supply 
of over 11,000 worms in pupae sticks only 9 per cent were found dead." 
Winter mortality of worms under bands in check orchards at Bentonville 
and at Springdale was less than 10 per cent. "From a collection of about 
1,200 worms taken under bands in a Springdale orchard on March 1, 4 
pupae were cbhserved * * * probably the earliest record of codling moth 
pupation for this orchard section. Twelve. degrees above zero was the 
minimum temperature recorded at Bentonville during the past winter * * *" 
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