
February. Observations covering several years disclose some small details 
in the life history of the European earwig which apparently have never been 
recorded. A pair of earwigs normally occupy one cell in the fall and win- 
ter, but shortly before Oviposition begins, the male leaves the cell- 
probably not entirely of his own accord. This accounts for the fact that, 
at the present time, about 94 per cent of the earwigs found above ground 
are males." 
Effects of vapor treatments on the forcing qualities of narcissus 
bulbs.—- Randall Latta, Sumner, Wash., says: "It is apparent * * * that the 
vapor treatment may be developed into a satisfactory measure for use with 
bulbs intended for forcing. * * * The indications are that the season 
of treatment should be during the month of August. * * * The temperature for 
forcing bulbs should not be higher than 112° F. if treatment is to last 4 
hours or.longer." : 
Biological note on Liothrips vaneeckei Priessner.—Ralph Scopp, 
Sumner, reports that "In life history work carried on in an incubator kept 
at 70° F, the following data have been obtained: Egg deposition to adult 
emergence required a minimum of 41 days; egg period for most eggs is 
13, 14,and 15 days; pupal period, 18 days and longer; two molts are all 
that have been observed, the first occurring 9 days after hatching, the 
second 18 days after hatching, and shortly after the second molt the larva 
pupated. No prepupal stage was observed. One adult, an unfertilized fe- 
male, emerged on January 3, was still living on February 29, and had laid 
43 eggs, 11 of which had hatched." 
Collecting leafhopper parasites.-Concerning methods of collecting 
parasitized beet leafhoppers, GC. F. Henderson, Twin Falls, Idaho, reports: 
"The sweep method of collection was found inadequate for taking quantita— 
tive samples of leafhoppers in a life-history study of internal parasites 
such as Pipunculus sp. * * * When this method is used, even with fairly 
high temperature conditions, the percentage of parasitism is comparatively 
low and the average size of the parasites too small to represent a true 
picture of actual conditions. * * * When leafhoppers were collected in- 
dividually with a vacuum apparatus, the opposite results were obtained, 
for the parasitized insects, being thus partially inactivated, are captured 
in larger proportionate numbers than are nonparasitized individuals." 
Bean beetle dissemination proved rapid.-—J. R. Douglass, engaged in 
investigations of bean insects at Estancia, N. Mex., reports as follows 
On experiments in the release and recovery of Mexican bean beetles: "The 
introduction of pyroxyline lacquers as a successful marker has constituted 
an important contribution to the studies of dissemination and flight of 
beetles. It has enabled the student to permanently mark ‘hard shell' 
beetles. The selection of proper colors is no longer perplexing. * * * 
This test shows that beetles are able to migrate from the highest mountain 
pass in the Manzano Mountains to the lower edge of the western yellow 
~-4 
