= “Ase : 
exposure, bark thickness, and temperature and movement of the air. No 
marked differences in the effect of ponderosa pine slash on insect abun—- 
dance were found in different parts of the region studied. Fatal subcorti- 
cal temperatures occurred in favorably exposed slash in northern Washing— 
ton, as well as in southern Oregon. Methods of slash disposal which ex- 
pose the maximum of slash material and avoid shading either through piling 
or otherwise are sound from an entomological standpoint. The best known 
method of keeping down the number of slash insects is in full accord with 
the latest recommendations for slash disposal from the standpoint of pro-—- 
tection from fire." 
Forest insect handbook soon to be issyed.—F. P. Keen, Portland, 
Oreg., reports that his "manuscript for a forest insect handbook for use of 
the field men of the Forest Service in Region 6 was completed during the 
month in cooperation with J. Jaenicke, of the Forest Service. Only those 
insects of major importance in this region are considered, but these are 
described in full and each one illustrated with a full page plate. Methods 
of detecting outbreaks, and of reporting upon outbreaks and control methods, 
are discussed in full, and instructions given in regard to necessary re— 
ports by rangers on forest insect activities. This field manual will be 
mimeographed and distributed to the forest officers as a supplement to the 
Forest Management Handbook." 
, 
Temperature and development of Scolytus yventralis.-G. R. Struble, 
according to J. M. Miller, Berkeley, Calif., "has completed a report cover—— 
ing the 1931 life-history studies of the fir engraver beetle, in which a 
number of new and valuable points are presented. It has been determined 
that activity and brood development occur between the temperatures of 55° 
and 99° F., that maximum development occurs between 70° and 85°, and that 
the number of seasonal generations is dependent upon sustained bark tempera— 
tures within this range." 
CEREAL AND FORAGE INSECTS 
Fermenting molasses attracts Pyrausta nubilalis.—"Information con-— 
cerning the relative attractiveness of several fermented baits to the Euro— 
pean corn borer moth was obtained during the August flight period of 1931 
at the U. S. D. A. Farm.in Berkeley, Mass.," according to C. H. Batchelder 
and D. D. Questel. "This included 5 per cent to 25 per cent solutions of 
various sugars fermented during one to three days before field tests. 
The fermented preparation included raw cane sugar, blackstrap, low remelt 
Sugar, medium grade molasses, corn dextrin, and malt, corn, and banana 
Sirups. The trap catches obtained through the use o/ these materials in— 
dicate that attractiveness is dependent as much upon the process of fer— 
mentation as upon the source of the sugar sirup. Several experiments led 
to this general conclusion. * * * The data show that medium grade molass— 
es is slightly less attractive than malt and consistently more effective 
than either black strap or low remelt sugar. The conclusion is drawn that 
a 
