
#31 
sides of field cages. Claude Wakeland (collaborator) also reports catch-— 
ing a number of weevils in his migration traps. * * * Mr. Wakeland 
reports that the number of weevils that survived the past winter seems 
to be greater than the number that survived the winter of 1931. Hiber- 
nation studies showed that large numbers passed the winter successfully." 
Bean fumigatoria in California prove efficient.--C. K. Fisher, of 
the bean weevil investigations, Modesto, Calif., reports: "The new fu- 
migatorium constructed at Hughson Warehouse gave a kill of 98.91 per 
cent (of bean weevils). The fumigant used was chloropicrin and at the 
rate of 1 1/2 pounds per 1,000 cubic feet, with a 48-hour exposure. The 
temperature was not taken but thought to be about 65° F, maximum. * * * 
The tests of the Lyng fumigatorium have been completed and each test 
gave 100 per cent kill. These tests have shown that chloropicrin kills 
all stages of bean weevils at temperatures as low as 44° F." 
Pupation and emergence of Ephestia elutella Hbn,—-E. M. Livingstone, 
of the cured tobacco insect investigations, Richmond, Va. "continued du- 
ring April the observations on individual rearings of Ephestia elutella," 
according to W. D. Reed. "The first pupation of overwintered larvae in 
the laboratory occurred on March 1 and the first emergence occurred Ap~ 
ril 21. On April 30, 59.2 per cent of these larvae had pupated and l.e 
per cent had emerged as adults. * * * The first moths of the spring 
brood were collected in infested tobacco warehouses in Richmond during 
the period April 18 to 24, while the first moth emerged from overwinter- 
ed rearings in the laboratory on April 21. * * * Weekly records were 
made of the 35 light traps in the infested warehouses in Richmond. Three 
moths were captured during the week of April 18 to 24, which marks the 
beginning of emergence of the spring brood of moths.” 
Winter survival of Lasioderma serricorne Fab.--"On April 19" W. D. 
Reed and A. W. Morrill, jr., "made examination of three samples of to- 
bacco taken from a hogshead in an unheated warehouse in Greenville, N. C., 
in order to observe the stages of the cigarette beetle that had sur= 
vived the winter. A summary of these examinations is as follows: Lar- 
vae living, 53; larvae dead, 55; adults living, 0; adults dead, 14. 
These data agree with other records, indicating that this insect passes 
the winter as larvae in unheated warehouses." 
TOXICOLOGY AND PHYSIOLOGY OF INSECTS 
Grasshopper eggs develop after 18 months in cold storage. oa ie 
Bulger, Takoma Park, Md., reports: "On March 11, 1938<, grasshopper eggs, 
probably Melanoplus differentialis Thos., procured by F. L. Campbell in 
November, 1930, and kept since that time in moist sand at a temperature 
of 40° to 45° F., were taken from the refrigerator and placed in an incu-~ 
bator at about 76° F. On April 6 these eggs began to hatch. Judging from 
the number of nymphs emerging, the eggs apparently hatched normally and 
the nymphs are at present developing normally. As these eggs had been in 
