Pasture is a crop... Make it a PAYING CROP! 
WHITE DUTCH CLOVER 
Its merits are known by all. A low 
grower, spreading, long lasting. Is 
palatable and nutritious, high in pro- 
tein. Withstands trampling and close 
grazing. Advisable in pastures; popu- 
lar for home lawn use. A favorite with 
bee men. There may be certain lots 
of white clover this year containing 
some alsike seed. Consult price list. 
WILD WHITE CLOVER 
Low-growing pasture clover. Pro- 
duces heavy root formation. Hardy, 
long lasting. Is well adapted for sow- 
ing with blue grass and other stand- 
ard pasture grasses, especially in the 
more Northern areas. Seed is of the 
highest quality. 
BIRDSFOOT TREFOIL 
A deep-rooted perennial legume for 
Northern areas .. . has done well in 
New York State. Grows on poor to 
acid soils. Popular with pasture 
grasses; has also been used for hay 
on the poorer soils. Stays green late 
in the fall. Starts slowly .. . con- 
tinues growing through the hot 
months, Spring seeding seems best. 
SPECIAL PURPOSE MIXTURES 
Nowadays, many folks want spe- 
cial pasture mixtures for specialized 
uses in their pasture programs. Hoff- 
man facilities include modern seed- 
mixing machinery . . . we will be 
glad to “make to order” any special 
formula that you find suits your pur- 
poses best. Nothing but the best seed 
will be used in making up such mix- 
tures. Saves the trouble of mixing it 
yourself—seed will reach you ready 
to sow—and you are sure of a thor- 
oughly mixed, uniform blend of the 
seeds that you specify. 
If we can be of any help with your 
pasture problems, please feel free to 
write. Your County Agent will be 
glad to advise you on mixtures best 
suited to your locality and. your par- 
ticular needs. 

* * * * 
Tall Oat and Ladino 
Ladino clover and tall-oat grass grow 
well together. The tall-oat grass usually 
will produce most of its growth in early 
spring and late fall. Summer grazing 
will come primarily from Ladino. A mix- 
ture of tall-oat grass and Ladino clover 
provided 111 “cow grazing days,” plus 
1% tons of hay per acre...at the N. J. 
College Farm at New Brunswick. 
Comparison 
Comparison of a Ladino clover-orchard 
grass pasture and a Kentucky blue grass- 
white clover pasture fertilized and man- 
aged alike in New Jersey showed that 
the Ladino clover-orchard pasture yielded 
6,899 pounds of air-dry forage per acre 
and the blue grass-white clover pasture 
yielded only 2,724 pounds. 
Spraying Pastures 
There is no danger of poisoning livestock 
by spraying pastures with 2,4-D, but pas- 
ture clovers may be seriously injured. 
Where there are good stands of clover, 
it is best not to spray for weed control. 
Pastures composed mostly of grasses can 
be effectively sprayed to kill wild garlic, 
curled dock, dandelions, and many other 
* weed pests. 
Steers on Orchard 
In preliminary trials during the summer 
of 1946, 20 Hereford steers pastured on 
23 acres of orchard grass gained an aver- 
age of 152 pounds in 158 days... almost 
a pound a day. (New Jersey.) 
Ditch Banks 
Brome grass is a fine grass for drainage 
ditch banks. Its heavy sod keeps out 
weeds and prevents washing, and it is 
essentially permanent. 
Using Reed Canary 
Reed Canary Grass, being suited for low 
moist or swampy soils, makes a crop 
possible on land which has never pro- 
duced anything but swamp plants. Is 
palatable for hay or pasture in its early 
growth. If allowed to become coarse and 
woody does not make good feed. On the 
other hand, close and continuous graz- 
ing is injurious. One way is to cut the 
first crop for early hay or silage, then 
follow with rotation grazing during the 
summer. 
Fall Top Dressing 
Fall top dressing of pasture and hay land 
not only saves time that would be other- 
wise consumed in the spring, but it has 
the advantage of starting growth from 
10 days to two weeks earlier next spring. 
Fall fertilizer should be applied at least 
two weeks before the ground freezes, so 
as not to have the nutrients wash away. 
Poultry Range 
Ten pounds perennial rye grass, 6 pounds 
Kentucky Blue and 4 pounds Canada 
Blue (or 10 pounds Kentucky Blue if 
soil is sweet), 2 pounds Red Top, 2 
pounds Ladino, 1 pound Dutch Clover per 
acre. Sown late summer, is ready follow- 
ing April. Needs frequent clipping. Car- 
ries 500 to 700 pullets per acre. 
Brome Alone? 
It is customary to say that brome grass 
alone becomes “sod-bound,”’ that is, 
ceases to throw up many flower heads 
and so becomes low yielding. This con- 
dition is due primarily to the lack of 
nitrogen and does not occur when it 
is grown with alfalfa, since the alfalfa 
furnishes nitrogen to the brome grass. 
Poultry Manure 
Poultry manure plus superphosphate is 
fine for pasture fertilization. Cattle do 
not hesitate to graze where it is spread 
... in this one respect it is preferable 
to barnyard manure. 
Cost of Feed 
Recent studies at the New Jersey Ex- 
periment Station have shown that the to- 
tal cost of 100 pounds of total digestible 
nutrients from various sources were as 
follows: pasture, $1.26; hay, $1.74; silage, 
$2.07; and concentrate feed, $4.23. 
Good Pastures 
Instead of allocating the poorest fields 
on the farm to pasture, why not select 
some of the best acres? There is no bet- 
ter way to save on expensive grain feed, 
and on hay set aside for winter use, 
than to grow good pasture which will 
keep the animals fully fed for at least 
six months. 
Bacteria 
One writer has said of the nitrogen-fixing 
bacteria in the nodules of inoculated leg- 
umes, “They not only work for nothing 
and board themselves, but they pay for 
the privilege.” 



