= TA 
came very dry and cold. The minimum temperature went down to 5° or6°F, 
on four mornings and freezing weather prevailed throughout the period 
December 7 to 15. * * * Of 120 aphids picked up from the ground under 
peas on December 9 and 12, 78 1/3 per cent were killed. The percentages 
of survival for the different stages were: For nymphs and more than 
half-grown larvae, 29 per cent and 32 per cent, respectively; for adults, 
7.7 per cent; for larvae less than half grown, 13.6 per cent. The aphids 
on these crops are all of the agamic form. In addition to the actual 
killing of the aphids by the cold, the vetch was so badly damaged by 
the cold that the surviving aphids will have difficulty in finding nour— 
ishment. The Austrian peas stood the cold better than did the vetch." 
Parasitization of wheat joint worm.-—-W. J. Phillips, Charlottesville, 
Va., reports: "Dissections of our galls of Harmolita tritici Fitch col- 
lected regularly at permanent observation points in the Middle Atlantic 
and mid-Western States have been completed * * *. A study of these data, 
in contrast with the 1931 results, reveals no significant changes in the 
total percentage (ranging in 1932 from 47.88 at Greenville, Tenn., to 
64.76 at Warrenton, Va.) of parasitization at any of the observation 
points. However, there was considerable variation in the mortality dur- 
ing 1931 and 1932. The year 1931 was characterized by normal rainfall 
and a wet summer season, conditions that favor the activity of fungus 
diseases attacking the joint worm. The dry season of 1930 gave conclusive 
evidence that joint worm mortality from causes other than entomophagous 
parasitization reaches its minimum during dry years. In contrast with 
the 1930 and 1931 seasons, the mortality in 1932 (ranging from 6.05 
per cent at Sparta, Ill., to 38.75 per cent at Greenville, Tenn.) seems 
moderate." 
Unfavorable weather prevents expected outbreak of Hessian fly.—— 
"Severe fall infestations of the Hessian fly were in prospect over Kan— 
sas, Missouri, and Nebraska, as shown by the June survey," reports J. R. 
Horton, Wichita, Kans. "The expected fall outbreak was prevented, prin-—- 
cipally by weather, which first interfered with seed-—bed preparation, 
then retarded germination and growth. In some sections also sowing 
was purposely delayed in observance of planting—date recommendations. 
Most of the wheat plantings over the entire region were poorly developed 
with few tillers, almost no stooling, and obviously little or no fly 
infestation as they entered the winter in November. Widely scattered 
fields sown very early after good but often local showers and scant 
volunteer wheat occurred in all sections. * * * These were in general 
freely infested and contained much fly." 
