
loys 
cent. He reports that parasitism by Phaeogenes ranges from 2 per cent 
to 10 per cent, and he expects to be able to send this summer from 20,000 
to 350,000 parasites. 
COTTON INSECTS 
Heavy rainfall brings out thurberia weevil.—-Reporting observa- 
tions on thurberia plants and weevils in the mountains, T. P. Cassidy, 
Tucson, Ariz., says: "Prior to June 28 less than 1 per cent of the weevils 
under observation that had hibernated in thurberia bolls of the 1931 crop 
had emerged. From June 28 to July 14 a total of 5.39 per cent emerged. 
During this same period a total of 2.39 inches of precipitation was re- 
corded at the experimental ranch located about 25 miles west of the 
thurberia plants under observation in the mountains. While the rain- 
fall may have been more or less in the mountains, the records at the ranch 
give a general idea of the quantity of rainfall for that section of the 
country. The weevil emergence from July 14 to August 1 was 51.15 per 
cent and during this period 4.26 inches of precipitation was recorded. 
The heavy emergence of weevils from their pupal cells in thurberia bolls 
in the mountains during July is attributed to heavy rainfall." 
| Influence of soil moisture on hibernation of pink bollworm.—- 
H. S. Cavitt and J. M. Yeates, Presidio, Tex., who have been making soil 
moisture determinations to ascertain the actual percentage of moisture in 
the soil, report that "The results show that approximately 15 per cent 
soil moisture in both sandy and adobe soils was near the optimum for sur— 
vival (of the pink bollworm) in 1931-32. A fairly high percentage of 
survival was recorded from bolls in both soil types maintained at ap-— 
proximately 5, 10, or 22 per cent soil moisture. Survival was less than 
1 per cent from dry soils and there was no survival in soils kept more or 
less saturated with water. * * * As a contrast to results obtained in some 
years, the emergence was greater from bolls in the sandy soil than from 
those in the adobe soil. The total survival was 135.27 per cent, the 
lowest per test was nothing, and the highest 56.82 per cent." 
Boll weevil survives winter best in the woods.—-"From the results 
of the cage hibernation work," reports F. F. Bondy, Florence, 8S. C., "it 
was found that more boll weevils will survive the winter in the woods 
than in the open field; Spanish moss and cornstalks are about equally 
good, and leafage is the best material for weevil hibernation. The wee- 
vils that were put in hibernation on October 15 gave a larger percent— 
age of survival. This is probably a good average date for the beginning 
of natural hibernation; and November 1 for the end of natural hiberna- 
tion in this section." 
INSECTS AFFECTING MAN AND ANIMALS 
Trapping reduces incidence of myiasis.--H. E. Parish, Menard, 
Tex., reports that "Records of new screw worm cases during the month of 
