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FRUIT AND SHADE TREE INSECTS sg 
Mediterranean fruit fly sterilization by heat.—A. C. Mason, of t 
Honolulu laboratory, has now completed seven experiments on heat steril 
zation for the destruction of Mediterranean fruit fly larvae (Ceratit 
capitata Wied.). After an approach period of 8 hours to bring the t 
perature to 110° F., 100 per cent mortality was obtained in star appl 
after 4 hours' heating, in guavas after 3, 4, and 5 hours, respectivel: 
and in kamani nuts after 7 hours with a mortality approaching 100 
cent after 6 hours. Mr. Mason states: "The results of these experimen: 
indicate that the time to insure 100 per cent mortality, where a preheat— 
ing period of 8 hours is used, can safely be reduced to 7 hours at least, 
and perhaps to 5 or 6 hours with most fruits." . 
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Sulphur dusts kill date mite.—-"During the latter part of August 
and the first part of September," says F. S. Stickney, of the Whittier, © 
Calif., laboratory, "a series of tests using nicotine dust, flowers of - 
Sulphur, gas sulphur, and ortho sulphur (ground sulphur) were made on in- 
fested fruits * * * to obtain information on the reaction of the date 
mite (Paratetranychus heteronychus Ewing). * * * the nicotine dust proved — 
ineffective in ridding the dates of mites, though when it was applied | 
uniformly the mite population appeared to be eventually reduced to some 
extent. But all three sulphurs were effective in destroying the Mite. yee 
when applied uniformly, lightly as well as heavily." ‘ oe 
Fruit-moth parasites from the Orient established in New Jersey.-—_ are 
In further reporting on the recovery collections of parasites of the 7) 
oriental fruit moth (Grapholitha molesta Busck), H. W. Allen, in charge 
of the peach moth parasite work at Moorestown, N. J., states: "The OU Laas 
Standing development for the month was the recovery of Perisierola (from 
Australia) from fruit-moth cocoons on collections of five successive 
weeks at one location in New Jersey, and the recovery of typical cocoons 
(emergence not yet obtained) from two other locations in New Jersey and =e 
one in Delaware. Dioctes sp. from Japan has also been recovered froma 
collection in Moorestown, September 15, following a liberation made in 
August. These recoveries make the outlook for the establishment of these — 
two species favorable." an 
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to the degree of clean culture in the orchards. In those orchards that 
had not been kept clear of weeds during the exposure of the bands very f 
larvae (average, 1.1 cocoons per band) were trapped, while in cleanly ‘cul- 
tivated orchards a surprisingly large number (average,* 22.7 cocoons 
per band) were trapped. In the weedy orchards there was plenty of evi- 
dence of rodents (probably field mice) working on trap bancs and de~ 
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