a), 
the first brood of berry worms in accordance with our present spray sched— 
ule, following vineyard cultivation planned to keep a soil covering over 
the overwintering cocoons until after the time of normal emergence of the 
first brood of moths, have shown very effective Control." 
; Howard Baker, who is making investigations of the obscure scale 
_ (Chrysomphalus obscurus Comst.) on pecan at Shreveport, La., reports that 
increase over the number emerging in June. Five species were represented 
in the collections, as follows: 
Prospaltella fuscipennis Gir. 185 
Physcus varicornis How. 2 30 
Prospaltella sp. ones TT 
Ablerus clisiocampae Ashm. i 20 
Miscellaneous } ea ft 2 
Mr. Baker has conducted a series of field spray tests on pecan 
foliage, involving the use of several different types of oils. Hr says: 
"In general the degree of injury increased with the viscosity of the oil 
used and the strength at which it was applied. No defoliation was caused 
in any of the tests and no injury was evident in any test involving the 
_ use of the so-called white oils. * * * The injury was slightly greater 
_ in the series of tests applied under humid, cloudy weather conditions as 
- compared to the series applied under clear, hot weather conditions. In 
general the higher-—viscosity oils at the highest strengths used exerted 
the greatest, most lasting influence on the settling of crawlers." 
; Reports by C. B. Nickels, Brownwood, Tex., on the artificial 
liberations of Trichogramma for the control of the pecan nut case bearer 
state that liberations were made in three necan groves in Texas in which 
almost all of the trees were budded varieties. The proportion of nuts in- 
fested by the case bearer on individual trees in the three groves would 
range from 5 to 30 per cent. Results of the experiments are as follows: 
(1) Trichogramma placed on 31 pecan trees. Approximately 8,000 © 
parasites released on May 28 and 5,000 parasites on June 6 on each tree; 
total number of case—bearer larvae on trees, 519; case-—bearer eggs col-— 
- lected, 655; total number of eggs parasitized, 196, an average of 29.92 
per cent. 
(2) Trichogramma liberated on 13 pecan trees. Three lots of ap— 
proximately 8,000 parasites each were released on each tree on May 23, 
/ May 31, and June 7; total number of case-bearer larvae on trees, 398; 
- case-bearer eggs collected, 441; total number of eggs parasitized, 56, 
an average of 12.69 per cent. 
(3) Trichogramma liberated on 29 pecan trees in this grove. On 
each tree approximately 8,000 parasites were released on May 24 and 
May 30, and 5,000 parasites on June 5; case—hearer infestation very light 
in this grove and an average of 13.6 per cent of the case~bearer eges 
collected were parasitized. 

