=14-- 
Syrphid flies end their eggs were common during the month on both: 
peas'and vetch, and many larvae were taken from these plants, and also 
from graine . According to field observations and rearings in the 
laboratory, the commonest species in the order of their abuncence were 
Syrphus torvus Osten Sackten, and Syrphus opinator Osten Sacken and 
‘Lasiophicus pyrastri Linneé. These appear numerous enough to effect a 
considerable check upon the aphidse Coccinellid larvae were first 
taken in any numbers on April 17 when they were numerous in wheat with 
volunteer vetch in the Molalla, Orege, district. Most of these ape- 
pervently belong. to the genus’ Coccinella. . 
Aphids on grein in Oregone--Macrosiphum granarium.Kby.e and Rhopalo- 
siphum prunifolias (Fitch), which were abundant during March, were also 
reduced in numbers in April by .the fungous disease, Empusa aphidis. 
Much yellowing of wheat leaves, first noticed by farmers when the aphids 
were abundant, was thought by many to have been:.caused by these insectSe 
Most of this yellowing and dying of the leaves is increasing in the 
absence of aphids and is caused by the’ rust Puccinia triticina sriks., 
which is very prevalent this springe 
The wheat joint worm in Oregone--T. Re Chamberlin, Forest Grove, 
Orege, reports that the first adults of Harmolita tritici Fitch issued 
in the Molalla district on April 6. This is 11 days earlier than the 
earliest previous record, April 17, 1940. - Adults were very scarce on 
the first day of issuence and very few had issued by April 20. The 
first adults of the parasite Zurytoma parva (Girault) Phillips issued on 
April 17. Continuously wet herbage during the last 8 days of the month : 
delayed systematic sweepings over the infested, territory and scouting for 
the insect ‘in new territorye ' . 
The hessian fly.--Mo Me Reeher, Forest Grove, reports thet the 
early and mild spring with abundant wheat suitable for oviposition is ree 
sponsible for a very heavy infestation by Phytophaga destructor Say in 
the Viillamette Valley. Frequent complaints are heard from farmers who 
believe the hessian fly to be responsible for the yellowing and stunting 
of the plants which is caused by ruste It.is probable that the hessian 
fly snd rust combined will greatly reduce wheat yields, and some farmers 
are considering plowing up some of the worst injured fields and seeding 
to other crops. 
April weather unfavorable to hessian fly.--J. R. Horton, Wichita, 
Kans., reports that, although there was no local deficiency of. moisture 
in.April, as several effective rains totaling from 3036 to 4.22 inches, 
were well distributed on the different plots under observation, emergence 
was intermittent, end oviposition was scant and prolonged throughout the 
monthe Hatehing and,migration also were retarded, As a result, the 
population of first-generation forms hos remained comparatively low. The 
average infestation and the number of larvae -nd puparia per 100 culms for 
the month were as shown in the tabulation, While slight infestation was 
to be expected as a result of the fly reduction caused by premature 
