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! 
Oils over creosote oils lies in the fact, as indicated, that they are 
not so toxic to fowls, and are apparently quite as toxic to fleas and 
ticks. No bad effects have been observed on fowls, even when quite 
heavy applications were made in close coops or chicken houses, 
On April 24 F.C, Bishopp sailed from New York, en route for Pan- 
ama, The trip was in response to a request from Col. J. F. Siler, 
Chief of the Health Department of the Canal Zone, and from directors 
of the Gorgas Memorial Laboratory for assistance on certain problems 
of medical entomology. Among these problems are the control of one of 
he principal malaria-carrying mosquitoes Anopheles albimanus Wied., 
which is breeding in Gatun Lake and invading distant towns; the re- 
currence of relapsing fever, which is borne by certain ticks in the 
Zone; and insect transmission of trypanosonyiasis in livestock. Doctor 
Bishopp expected to sail on the teturn trip on Mey 20 and to reach 
New York on May 28. 
BEE CULTURE 
While making a survey of the beekeeping industry in California, 
EH, -L. -Sechrist and F., E, Todd, of the Pacific Coast Bee Culturé Field 
Laboratory, Davis, Calif., visited the Imperial Valley, from which 
for several years have:come reports of poisoning of colonies of bees, 
anc also of cattle, from arsenical dust applied by. airplane to peas 
and other vegetable crops, enough of the dust having drifted to adjoin- 
ing fields to cause poisoning of bees and cattle feeding there. In 
1932, 2,500 colonies of bees were reported killed outright, with the 
field force of about half as many more colonies having been killed, 
with the result that no crop was produced, Seven out of 15 beekeepers 
Visited by Sechrist and Todd in 1934 ‘reported losses from “such poison- 
ing, the losses running from 30 percent of the crop to the entire loss 
of 200 colonies by one beekeeper. Other losses resulted from endeavors 
to move apiaries out of areas near which the arsenical dust was applied. 
Because of such losses, the beekeepers of the valley joined in bringing 
civil suit against one ofithe companies engaged in airplane dusting, 
in order to test the Sib of keekeepers. The suit was won by the 
beekeepers, setting a precedent on the Pacific Coast in the collection 
of damages for bees killed by spray poisoning. The Judge of the Super- 
ior Court of Imperial County ruled that "if growers distributed poison— 
ous compound by an airplane or in any other manner, and if the poison 
drifted on the lands of others and did damage to crops or stock, the 
persons spreading the poison are liable to damages," The testimony 
proved the losses of bees and cattle by this poisoning. The trial con- 
tinued for 3 days and attracted much attention from fruit and vegetable 
@rowers, cattle men, and beekeepers, 
Warren Whitcomb, Jr., in chorge of the Southern States Bee Culture 
Field Laboratory, Baton Rouge, La., has just completed a survey of the 
apiaries of producers of package bees and queens in Louisiana, Mississippi, 
Alabama; and Georgia. He reports that the shippers of package bees in 
