Aig pc 
FRUIT AND SHADE TREE INSECTS 
Two-inch bands as effective for codling moth as wider ones.—-E. H. 
Siegler, of the Takoma Park, Md., laboratory, in reporting the results 
of cooperative experiments at Grand Junction, Colo., with chemically 
treated bands of different widths for capturing codling moths, states: 
"There is practically no difference between bands of different widths 
when applied to the same trees in a truly comparative test. *** The 
2-inch band is the most practical one, even under conditions in Colorado 
where the codling moth population is high. *** The results are based on 
a considerable number of individual larvae." 
Cultural control experiments with the grape berry moth.—-G. 4A. 
Runner, of the Sandusky, Ohio, laboratory, reports on tests of culti- 
vation to prevent the emergence of grape berry moths (Polychrosis vit-— 
eana Clem.). Field cages were placed over cocoons that had been kept 
over winter, the soil covering--—from 1/2 inch to 4 inches--being the 
same as that given by the disk or plow used for cultivation before emer— 
gence was at its height. Check lots of unburied cocoons were kept in 4 
compartment in each cage. Of the unburied cocoons 64.5 per cent yielded 
adults of the grape berry moth, whereas only 1.4 per cent of the insects 
emerged from the cocoons that had been buried. Similar cage tests of 
cocoons of the summer brood showed only a slight emergence from soil 
coverings of 1/2 inch to 3 inches. 
California red scale develops more rapidly in the shade than in 
the sun.--Lillian Baird, of the Whittier, Calif., laboratory, makes the 
following report on studies of Chrysomphalus aurantii Mask.: "The aver— 
age length of the developmental period of the (California red) scales 
set out on June 22 was 79.9 days in the sun and 66.6 days in the shade. 
The developmental period of scales set out on June 29 averaged 76.1 
days in the sun and 69 days in the shade. Evidently exposure to direct 
Sunshine retarded the development of the scales somewhat." 
California red scales produced during different portions of the 
life of the female scale vary in resistance to cyanide fumigation.—-H. R. 
Yust reports on an experiment at the Whittier laboratory to determine 
any possible difference in resistance to cyanide that may be exhibited 
by California red scales produced early or late in the productive per— 
iod of the mother scales. The work was conducted in the constant—tem— 
perature room. The results of the experiment indicate that scales pro— 
duced during the first 30 days of the productive period exhibited al-— 
most twice as great resistance to cyanide gas as scales produced dur— 
ing the next 40 days. The scales were in all stages of development at 
the time of fumigation. 

The oriental fruit moth has many species of parasites in Japan.— 
G. J. Haeussler reports the finding of 38 species of parasites of the 
Oriental fruit moth in the course of the survey which he is making in 
Japan. He states that 8 additional species of parasites were reared 
