—— 
i 

Typophorus viridicyaneus (Crotch). He says: "It was found that the fe— 
males deposit eggs just beneath the surface of the soil, either attached 
to the stem of the plant or near the plant. The egg groups are attached 
together in masses of from 3 to 22, the average number per mass being 
8.09. The average incubation period for all eggs deposited during the 
period July 6 to September 12 was 8.78 days. After hatching the young 
larvae feed inside the stems of the plants and later inside the potatoes. 
In late fall the larvae form cells 6 to 8 inches beneath the soil surface 
and pass the winter in the larval stage. Live larvae have been found 
in the field in the soil in May, 1932. On May 17 one of these larvae 
pupated. At this time the first larvae reared in the insectary from 
eggs deposited during 1931 also pupated. One pupa developed from eggs 
deposited on August 17, 1931. The incubation period covered 1l days 
and the larval period 264 days. In another record there is an 8-day 
incubation period and a 252-day larval period. The average length of 
life of all adults collected in the field on June 23, 1931, was 44 days. 
The last adult died on September 18, or 88 days after collection." 
R. A. Fulton, Twin Falls, Idaho, in cooperation with E. W. Davis, of 
the Salt Lake laboratory, has made a study of progressive decrease of 
fat content of leaf hoppers in course of migration from breeding areas 
in southern Utah and Nevada to beet~growing districts of northern Utah, 
in connection with the recent Utah migration. Mr. Fulton says: "The 
fat content decreases inversely with the distance flown," and states, 
"This indicates that the migratory movement requires a very large energy 
consumption on the part of the participating individuals and emphasi- 
zes the function and importance of the fat content in providing re- 
serve energy for the movement." This is more fully explained in a ta- 
ble submitted, and it is stated that: "Evidently the saturated glycer- 
ides comprise the fraction first or most readily utilized by the dis- 
persing insect. This is exactly similar to what occurs during hiber-— 
nation where the leafhopper starts out with a fat reserve of a solid 
consistency and ends with one of a semifluid nature." 
Behavior in May of the lima bean pod borer in California.-—Kodney 
Cecil, Ventura, Calif., has submitted a detailed study of the pupation, 
emergence, preoviposition period, oviposition, incubation, and larval 
life, particularly in relation to the May period, of the lima bean pod 
borer (Etiella zinckenella Treit.)--too detailed for the Monthly Letter, 
Soil types preferred for oviposition by the wireworm Pheletes ca- 
nus Lec.--E. W. Jones, Walla Walla, Wash., reports "an experiment to 
investigate oviposition site preferences of P. canus under controlled 
field cage conditions of soil texture, compactness, moisture, and cover." 
The details are of much interest but inappropriate for the Letter. In 
conclusion he says: "In summary this study of the relation of the selec— 
tion of oviposition sites to the soil conditions shows that P. canus 
prefers fine sandy loam soil to clay loam soil; prefers loose moist 
soil to wet packed soil." 
