Irrigated pastures have become an essential 
part of the farm economy of California. They 
provide a permanent source of livestock forage, 
high in feed value, at a minimum cost in labor. 
Practically any type of soil may be utilized 
in the making of a permanent pasture. Shallow 
soils not adapted to the production of other 
profitable crops may be made valuable by 
_ seeding to a balanced planting of pasture 
grasses and clovers. 
Many formulas or mixtures are recommended 
for establishing a good pasture but the planter 
must be guided by the particular needs of his 
type of soil. A general purpose mixture for an 
acre planting and suitable for probably 75% 
of the plantings is made up as follows: 
3 pounds Ladino Clover, 
2 pounds Alfalfa Seed, 
3 pounds Domestic Rye, 
3 pounds Perennial Rye, 
. 3 pounds Orchard Grass or Tall Fescue, 
2 pounds Dallis Grass. 
A mixture of this type will provide an abun- 
dance of feed for 8 to 11 months of the year. A 
pound or two of Birdsfoot Trefoil may be added 
to this mixture as this legume has increased in 
popularity in the last two years. On alkaline 
soils the legumes used are Birdsfoot Trefoil and 
Yellow Blossom Sweet Clover and the grasses: 
Tall Fescue and Rye Grass (Perennial and Do- 
mestic) while Rhodes Grass is added in frost- 
free sections. On the extremely heavy soils 
farmers show a preference for Birdsfoot Tre- 
foil as a legume and add Rye, Tall Fescue and 
Orchard Grass for the grass component. 
There is no hard and-fast rule as to the 
makeup of a good pasture mixture but a per 
acre planting of 15 to 20 pounds of seed should 
be made with at least one-third of this amount 
being legume seed. 
The three main objectives of a pasture oper- 
ator should be: the maintenance of an ade- 
quate balance of legumes and grasses through 
as much of the pasture season as possible, 
maintenance of highest possible carrying ca- 
pacity, and utilization of feeds at their highest 
possible nutritive value. Proper use of irriga- 
tion water and proper management of livestock 
contribute most to these objectives. 
The grasses in the recommended mixtures 
have a preferred season for growth and ripen- 
ing. Domestic Rye Grass is the earliest and 
tends to become semi-dormant in mid-season; 
Perennial Rye Grass is somewhat later while 
Orchard, Dallis and Tall or Meadow Fescue 
are mid-season grasses. Alfalfa is added in 
warmer sections to provide legume pasturage 
when Ladino is inclined to sag under the hot 
weather conditions. Thus in a mixture of 
proper proportions a succession of grasses is 
obtained for proper balance of ration. 
Grazing of pastures should be deferred after . 
irrigation until such time as the soil has dried 
to a point where plants will not be injured by 
trampling. Efforts should be made to rotate 
grazing livestock so that grasses will be grazed 
California Irrigated Pastures 
at a time when most palatable. This time, gen- 
erally speaking, is lush growth just as the 
plants reach flowering stage. If grasses are 
allowed to advance to a seed stage, they are 
avoided by stock and thus the balance of 
grasses in a mixture is endangered. If the pas- 
ture operator does not have sufficient stock 
to keep the grasses grazed properly, the pas- 
ture should be clipped. 
Bloating of cattle and sheep in Ladino pas- 
tures is an ever present hazard. This may be 
partly avoided by proper balance of grasses 
and legumes in the pasture. In California _ 
where pasture operators have made a close 
study for many years, 40 to 50 per cent legumes 
has been found to meet the grazing preier- 
ances of these animals 
hazard. 
with a minimum of 
No pasture planting will be successful unless 
good seed is used. The planter should be care- 
ful that seed is of good quality with high purity 
and germination and free of noxious weeds. 
We insist at all times that the seed we offer is 
of the highest standard. We will be glad to 
furnish information on the seeds we stock and 
to advise you on other questions not covered 
in this catalog. 
The College of Agriculture at Davis, cooper- 
ating with the extension service, has contrib- 
uted greatly to the development of irrigated 
pastures in California and Professors Burle E. 
Jones and J. B. Brown have issued an excellent 
circular, No. 125, which will be found invalu- 
able to prospective planters. 














Domestic |Perennia! 

Ladino Bur Rye Rye Orchard] Dallis |Meadow 
County Clover | Alfalfa | Clover Grass Grass Grass Grass Fescue 
IN Grnvte Cis: ae Sul sie |Meraleasate sate Seuemrenoe OMS Halil .e eters ene ysl oS Mal betsvetsicvergdile ececse f)e ake 
Button ae cen oo. 3 4 lbs. Pullers hal ame en athe 4 lbs. soe ae 4 lbs. AMOS aa Kectoncreuee are 
Colusc seer ccits sic 4 lbs. Ail Syow || 3 Aten 2 DNS. Bee ASU Stam | Mec tary claistey ||-neus ese ava. 
Contra Costa......... ADS Fi nereteetecedaral) aiceroene GlbS Iya eidece 4 lbs. AGIs aie) rere ceyetele « 
El DONd Owe sale 6 sieie2s = AIDS. | Wharera, toleralhcretereto on: [Shall oy ay ia Se reco Ao Ai aes Galisste ee ahecantc es 
FTOSNO MRO Pe oc ics 4 lbs. 3 lbs. 3 lbs. 4 Ysa | ial es 4 lbs. Cite tsye 4 a eg a 
Humboldtime.. <2... 5 lbs PAG oye ally acer ain 4 TSG Sepa eee testes eet tote alle: fat enceaeha levers. fe:c ose, «8 
Kernigy pce ste so. oe 4 lbs. 3 lbs. 3 Ibs. Silos ia erate vets 3 lbs. Silpscan|G.e. 5 say. s,< 
OR I Oost | 3 lbs. 4 lbs. ollie Layall oystal| ies Berths ORE 5 lbs. RUD Span [aces ere ees 
Iisa Ce. Sen cot eee 4 lbs. VAAN Nh WA ie eee 2 lbs. 3 lbs. J Wotay on aye eae tae 3 lbs. 
CESS OM peMiel fos.) «Soe ll acrete sid svure oe lols al Mrerebrees omen Bacon SHO Ste eaette nil aeeiena o clases. oa os 
Los Angeles =...:.... 4 lbs. 4 lbs. 4 lbs. 2 lbs. 2 lbs. 4 lbs. ZaSSae |nte rw ateoe 
Maderasiaues- 3... . s 4 lbs. 3 lbs. 2 lbs. WANS Olle pM eihSe 7elorey (Nk he ae es 2 lbs. 
Mendocino........... Ailsa aes Cees | Saenee oll evra 8 lbs. MN oXHe el Sa soe 2 lbs. 
aE Merced tar. «ats. 3 lbs. Ballsstyy lecs.ate ches Meets 6 lbs. Silos eel eeete aie [lark e featecs ‘a 
MOD OCH ccs seta any [Sidhe mare cwcwfire de PER at cin hGH trl eo Ais 5 lbs. ORS pate acto 6 lbs. 
Montereyaas....:.... 4 lbs. 2 lbs. 3 lbs. SiS pera eies Sul oSsemml |Merses vo gt [ucts ors 3.0.86) 2 
NGC Ree Pies eo sess AMES Sis irst os sas ces cys (eto aeae ae aber e cueneeee aerate oo leeetae meseemete eee ci terete |B s Sed aye(ll ace, vere S e's 
Oranges sqrie ye. «asi. 4 lbs. AUS Al slete = rates 3 Ibs. 3 lbs. 3 lbs. UU SaM |ielers. a euctee = 
ICC ORs ren arc + oc oss 4 lbs. 2elose sete aartie ASD SEA il gateis coerce inl loetsceie eo Dsim |sentva eaters 
Hiversidessey.:.. =. 4-5. Bilibs!) ike Became 3 Ibs. 1 lb. 3 lbs. 3 lbs. 3 lbs. 3 lbs. 
Sacramento.......... ANTS Salsa ea cabnehit cieceeaietans Silos aia meuetee 5 lbs. OL ESSehypietieveco core 
SarpBOntiomeenas 5. saloees o08 ws 2 Ibs. 1 Ib, Pap Voy NE Sate ea 2 lbs. INS iy) mec oe eRe 
San Bernardino....... 3 lbs. 3 lbs. Silips: 3 lbs. 2 lbs. 3 Ibs 3 lbs. 2 lbs. 
San Diego...:........ 4 lbs. QS, votre tets 4 lbs. 2 lbs. 4 lbs. ANNO Fee | big ieee 
San Joaquiny......... 3 lbs. VAN scien I ceamncigions 6 QUIS ieee ee ANSP aero. 2 lbs. 
San Luis Obispo...... 4 lbs. SALLSSE- wilite aeeaetle os (olalioge nr eae aeney oe 3 lbs. 4 lbs. 4 lbs. 
Santa Barbara........ 4 lbs. Dello sy, | saaeeee hers Slips [sera ARLS Saat, ote sia < 4 lbs. 
Santa Cruzin... ..... 6. Silbse li esrenckr 2 lbs. Si Se Pian operee: ASIDE OM) Beate se 3 lbs. 
Shastra. «ss ess 4 lbs. ZUSSH | eeere crue ote Asta We. eee Giallotst) "Wes Rote A eit 
Siskivyouseye..).-.s.s5. AUD See aa NS ens [ee eee e 8 Au sti may ae AVIVA 15 98, SIS eh Geen Ere 
Sonomceaan...: +. .sas AIDE et eerste fara ae, efeke ADS ialtacaresan AUS SONI | eesti cra tetas etfs 
Solanowseee = 2.60 RUSS [ex shore avert ocr sbiebs ayidert, 1h ola 2G heeds core See a ee 
ptanislausmen, ... 5... 4 lbs. il often i SE iro ies 4 lbs. 4 lbs. ZANoxsts |G SAS "hea | ele 
Sutter Testes osc cs ees 4 lbs. Di Vins |earcra- easier Alps ts svete ante 4 lbs. ABSSe mille as, cron os 
Tehama. .: --. 54. . 4 lbs. RB) LOS leteeey eewa bee OL Siete Selbae IS Se MWe eve cists << 
PL ULCIEG eens x susie ANS Se ctetrticcse 4 lbs. 4 psa cite 5 lbs. BASet acess Sets: 
WMOEntOr eptia. cen so 4 lbs. AUS: OP ansatere eels ALIS elie, eee rey 5 lbs. By UNS al eo ee ae 
VOLO ctis eee: «5. a's Ub Sy I Wl Mion cease ples Cacao ane Wied Mo aa wolotens' lt ahs eich Alloa g ered A 
MUD Cae ee t <.6 oe sara Alls Sea llc racists vsyenel uae toms tas aps fae latch EO os oe ia MES eete Sr elate e.« |; teh ealabes ars 
Paloverde and 
Coachella Valley.....|......... 5 lbs. 4 lbs. AID Stas eee Ret S oo stave Gilbisme our aciete 3s 



















Tall 
Harding Blue- Alsike Brome Oat 
Grass grass Clover Grass Grass 
Lisa) | heals, Bea TUB AR icttatg Re cae 
Nb etree | Mea nt det cigs 10 lbs sasihotevanal heal ltqeee ote camehene 
DD lbs: |: Skaggs che & SRN ee 
SC MOIOEA Call) Cee ab ore 4 lbs 6 lbs 4 lbs. 
oie. |} Libel! |). ae ee oD keer 
(oT adel ar S Iba eas dal anata ealoh ek Mele ae 
Dh ace pe AIP eR E a 2 lbs. wD ADS: ont eae 
bhSrciny aster ath aurea decal aires ciate glen tees Mceretene 3 lbs. 
OS Bos, Is cee nid dba Hines teat oe 
Bete.) lndukismucgh ot otal, tities can te pe eatm 
Bah ee ee Me Mel ue Veo So) 
Ble. v fh, ortse ageless keaton aI aca at ict are 
ey erat ;eabing 2 PAGIos2* Paes 
lou m mcrae d leeds aay oo Oa SA becca 
Ne a acl ee I 3 Tbe kts bee 
Neslsivay Saat llth a Apeeele teil) cee ons totter AB Soe lo cnr 
Soper ticreru geen (il ee aaa 



*Red Clover. 
tYellow Sweet Clover. 

F. F. SMITH & CO., INC., Sacramento, California 
33 
