
CORNELL HAY AND PASTURE MIXTURES 
O UTILIZE a legume-grass seeding most efficiently, it Is 
often necessary to use the crop for either hay, silage or pas- 
ture, as the need requires. When, because of unfavorable 
weather or some other reason, a potential hay crop cannot all 
be made into high-quality hay, some of it should be suitable for 
making into silage. When a pasture crop is in excess of immediate 
needs, It too should be suitable for m: iking into silage so that the 
value of the crop may be saved. Whenever, at any time during 
the summer, the pasture crop is not sufficient for immediate needs, 
at least part of the crop normally used for hay or silage should be 
suitable also for pasture. It is not only uneconomical to spend the 
time and labor necessary to make hay or silage to be fed out 
during the pasture season, but grasses and legumes are more 
nutritious and have a better nutritive ratio at the stage of growth 
when they are pastured than they have when harvested [ater for 
storage. 
With this as an objective, many of the New York seeding 
mixtures are such that they may be harvested for hay or silage 
or may be pastured. 
No seeding recommendations are being made for Iand that has 
not been adequately Iimed and fertilized. 
Surface seedings on unprepared seed-beds are not recom- 
mended because chances of success are too uncertain. 
In cooperation with the Department of Agronomy, New York 
State College of Agriculture, we are offering the following recom- 
mended Hay and Pasture Mixtures. If not listed ready mixed on 
our special Price-List, order the seeds separately. 
The seeding mixtures recommended may be grouped under 
five general headings as follows: Alfalfa-Grass Mixtures, General- 
Purpose Mixture, Clover-Grass Mixtures, Birdsfoot Trefoil- 
Grass Mixtures, Permanent Pasture. 
ALFALFA-GRASS MIXTURES 
For hay or silage 
Alfalfat = emcee aera one 8 lbs. or 4 quarts 
Smooth Brome Grass... 8 lbs. or 18 quarts 
Total seed for 1 acre. .16 lbs. or 22 quarts 
Both Alfalfa and Smooth Brome Grass are 
very drought-resistant and require fertile, 
well-drained soil. 
For pasture, hay or silage 
Alfalfa sy aercion eran 8 lbs. or 4 quarts 
LadinoiCloversnes sr 1 lb. or 1 quart 
Smooth Brome Grass...8 lbs. or 18 quarts 
Total seed for 1 acre 17 lbs. or 2214 quarts 
This mixture is entirely satisfactory for 
hay or silage. Few farmers have any difficulty 
cutting Ladino Clover so long as there Is a 
fair to good stand of Alfalfa. Without Alfalfa 
some other long-lived legume is needed for 
either hay, silage or pasture. 
If this mixture is so managed for pasture 
as to retain a good stand of Alfalfa, much of 
the Ladino Clover is likely to be crowded out. 
If the crop is kept closely grazed, the Alfalfa 
will not last long. In either case it should 
produce a good pasture. 
Smooth Brome Grass is one of the most 
palatable grasses. 
For hay or silage 
Alfalfatye fee fxs es come 8 Ibs. or 4 quarts 
Timothy cate eee 6 lbs. or 4 quarts 
Total seed for 1 acre. ..14 lbs. or 8 quarts 
Timothy is, m some cases, more easily 
and quickly established than Smooth Brome 
Grass, especially on land that ts not in a high 
state of fertility. 
GENERAL-PURPOSE MIXTURE 
For hay, silage or pasture 
Alfalfa) Sete ae 6 lbs. or 3 quarts 
Medium Red Clover*.. 21bs. or 1 quart 
Ladino Clover**...... 1lb.or 1% quart 
Sim oth yee ree 6 lbs. or 4 quarts 
Total seed for 1 acre 15 lbs. or 814 quarts 
* The General-Purpose Mixture has been 
made flexible to cover the situations and 
uses where both the General-Purpose and the 
Utility Mixtures were formerly recommended. 
The proportion of Alfalfa should vary from 
six to two pounds according to how favorable 
the situation is for Alfalfa. As the Alfalfa is 
reduced, the Clover should be increased 
pound for pound. 
*k Where this mixture is not to be used for 
pasture, 2 pounds (1 quart) of Alsike Clover 
may be substituted for the Ladino Clover. 
CLOVER-GRASS MIXTURE 
For hay or silage 
Medium Red Clover*.. 6 lbs. or 3 quarts 
Ladino Clover*........ 1 lb. or 1% quart 
Limoch vere 6 lbs. or 4 quarts 
Total seed for 1 acre 13 lbs. or 71% quarts 
*On dry, shaley soils omit the Ladino 
Clover and substitute Mammoth Red for 
Medium Red Clover. 
‘This mixture ts intended for use where the 
soil is not suitable for Alfalfa. 
For pasture or silage 
Ladino) Clovers see 1lb. or 1% quart 
OrchardsGrass) eee 8 lbs. or 18 quarts 
Total seed for 1 acre 9 lbs. or 181% quarts 
This mixture produces a heavy-yielding 
crop for pasture or for silage, but it can 
seldom be made into high-quality hay. 
10 
BIRDS FOOT TREFOIL-GRASS 
MIXTURES 
For hay, silage or pasture 
Birdsfoot Trefoil....... 5 lbs. or 214 quarts 
Limothy<as ene 6 lbs. or 4 quarts 
Total seed for 1 acre 11 lbs. or 61% quarts 
*For fertile, well-drained soils Smooth 
Brome Grass may be substituted for all or 
part of the timothy. 
This mixture is suitable for long rotations 
and for areas to be left permanently for hay 
or pasture. If the mixture is desired for 
permanent pasture, add 1 pound of Wild 
White Clover and 5 pounds of Kentucky 
Blue Grass. 
Birdsfoot Trefoil can contribute much to 
the improvement of hay and pasture pro- 
duction on many New York farms. The use 
of the Empire variety is recommended. It ts - 
a proven variety of the New York broadleaf 
type. 
PERMANENT PASTURE 
LadinorClovers ener ielbeacor 1% quart 
Wild White Clover.... 1 1b. or 1% quart 
Limoth ype 5 lbs. or 314 quarts 
Kentucky Blue Grass. 5 lbs. or 11 quarts 
Total seed for 1 acre 12 lbs. or 15%% quarts 
This mixture is recommended only for 
those areas to be left permanently in pastures 
where moisture conditions are adequate for 
Wild White Clover and Kentucky Blue 
Grass. 
