200 STORRS AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION. 
EKurope. It seems desirable, therefore, to describe the appara- 
tus with its later modifications. "The brevity of the present 
description is warranted by the fact that the apparatus in its 
present form is similar to that previously described, and that a 
detailed account of both the apparatus and the methods of 
manipulation as here employed is now being prepared for pub- 
lication in another place. 
THE APPARATUS AND METHOD. 
The’ method consists essentially in burning the substance in 
excess of oxygen at high pressure in a bomb immersed in water, 
the heat of combustion being determined by the rise in the 
temperature of the water. The apparatus consists of: 
1. A bomb of steel with platinum lining. This is provided 
with platinum capsules to hold the substance to be burned, 
platinum supports for the capsules, and connections for ignit- 
ing the substance by an electric current. 
2. Calorimeter cylinders and thermometric apparatus. These 
include: A water-holding cylinder of britannia or ‘‘ white 
metal,’’ two larger concentric cylinders of indurated fibre, with 
hard rubber covers, a device for stirring the water in the metal 
calorimeter cylinder, thermometer, and thermometer-support. 
3. Accessory apparatus, including clamp and spanner for 
opening and closing bomb, cylinder for oxygen, support for 
bomb when being filled, pipe connections, and couplings to con- 
nect bomb with oxygen cylinder, and manometer to show OXy- 
gen pressure in cylinder and in bomb. 
4. Battery, for running motor which actuates water stirrer, 
and also for firing bomb. Sucha battery is recommended only 
when a better source of electric current is not available. 
THE BOMB. 
The bomb consists of three parts: A cylinder to contain the 
substance to be burned and the oxygen for combustion, a cover 
to close the cylinder, and a threaded ring or collar to hold the 
cover tightly on the cylinder. ‘The parts are shown separately 
in Fig. 1, and in cross section, as put together in Fig. 2, A 
being the cylinder, B the cover, and C the collar. 
The cylinder is of Hotchkiss gun tool steel, kindly furnished 
by the Bethlehem Iron Company, who have favored us with 



