
COMPARATIVE STUDIES WITH COVERED MILK 
© Tess 
BY W. A. STOCKING, JR. 
The demand for a good wholesome grade of milk produced 
under sanitary conditions is steadily increasing. People in 
the cities are taking more and more interest in the sanitary 
quality of the milk which they use in the household. The 
general awakening in regard to the sanitary qualities of milk 
which has taken place in the last few years can be attributed 
chiefly to two causes. The first of these is in harmony with, 
and a part of the general desire on the part of consumers for 
pure and wholesome food products of all kinds and the milk 
supply has come in for its share of investigation. The gen- 
eral supply of the cities has been studied, methods of trans- 
portation have been considered and more recently the con- 
ditions existing upon the farms where the milk is produced 
have come in for their share of investigation. 
The. second reason for the growing interest in cleaner 
milk lies in the results of the investigations already conducted. 
| It has been found that a considerable part of the milk sold to 
consumers has been of very poor quality when considered 
from the standpoint of wholesomeness. Much of it has been 
shown to contain relatively large amounts of dirt,.its germ 
content being at the same time abnormally high and frequent- 
ly containing putrefactive and other undesirable species of 
bacteria. As a result of this work together with the knowl- 
edge that milk may frequently be the carrier of various forms 
of bacterial diseases and that nearly all kinds of bacteria 
grow and multiply with great ease in milk, the importance 
of carefully guarding milk against the entrance of undesirable 
bacteria has become generally recognized. The ordinary 
market milk which reaches the larger cities normally con- 
tains high numbers of bacteria. These are the result either 
of mare or less dirty conditions in the production of the milk 
or of too warm a temperature after the milk has been pro- 
