COMPARATIVE STUDIES WITH COVERED MILK PAILS 83 
into the covered pail contained considerably smaller numbers 
of bacteria than did the milk drawn into the open pail at the 
same milking. As would naturally be expected the difference 
in the germ content of the, two samples varied on different 
days according to the condition of the stable. The averages 
for the two series of tests show that the covered pail con- 
tained on an average only fifteen per cent. of the number of 
bacteria which the milk from the open pail contained, or in 
other words the milk in the open pail contained six and one- 
half times more bacteria than did the milk from the covered 
pail. These average differences are shown graphically by 
the diagram accompanying the table. 
VALUE OF THE HAYMAKER PAIL IN THE COLLEGE BARN. 
The stable conditions under which these tests were made 
were the same as for the preceding series of tests. The pail 
used is shown in Fig. 28. 

Fic. 23—Haymaker pail used in experiments given in table 19, 
