MILK AFFECTED BY DAIRY PRACTICES. 69 
same time. On the other hand if the cow has her head down 
in the manger she probably will not see the milker when he 
approaches and the first intimation she has of his presence is 
when he speaks or touches her and if she is a nervous cow she 
will probably either jump or kick and then continue to annoy 
him with her tail during the entire process of milking. If the 
feeding is being done at the same time as the milking the an- 
noyance is even greater since the cow is uneasy until she gets 
-her feed and does not stand quietly or give down her milk 
freely. Cows which hdve been accustomed to eating during 
the milking process may bother for‘a few days if the feeding is 
postponed until after the milking but they become accustomed 
to the new order of things very quickly and after a few days 
will behave much more satisfactorily than they did when the 
two operations were done at the same time. It is not only 
more pleasant to do the milking before the feeding is done asa 
result of the better behavior of the cows but the sanitary and 
keeping qualities of the milk are also better than when the 
feeding has been done just before or during the milking period. 
All of the dry feeds such as the common grains, hays, etc., 
contain large quantities of dust which is thrown into the air by 
the handling. ‘This dust is heavily charged with bacteria and 
the atmosphere of the stable thus becomes filled with these 
micro-organisms. As this dust settles into the milk pail it car- 
ries down with it the adhering bacteria and the germ content 
of the milk is thereby increased. At the same time the rest- 
lessness of the cow results in the dislodgment of a greater 
amount of dust and bacteria from the cow and the milker and 
these also fall into the milk. In order to determine the real 
importance of the greater contamination of the milk resulting 
from the increased dust caused by feeding dry feeds at milking 
time the writer conducted the experiments given in Table 20. 
Feeding hay and dry grain.—F¥or this work ten cows stand- 
ing in a row in the College stable were used. ‘These were 
divided into two groups of fivecowseach. One of these groups 
was milked before any feeding was done and a sample of the 
mixed milk obtained. ‘The hay and grain were then fed and 
the other group of five cows was milked and a sample of their 
mixed milk taken. Both of these groups of cows were milked 
