26 STORRS AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION. 
tom, the farmer who brings his milk to the creamery: carries 
home a lot of skim-milk to feed to his calves and pigs. He 
never gets his own skim-milk, but that which is running 
through the separator at the time he is at the creamery. It is 
evident, therefore, that if there are any tuberculous cows fur- 
nishing milk to the creamery, their skim-milk will in time be 
distributed all over the territory patronizing the creamery. 
In this way, calves and pigs may acquire the disease. The 
slime which collects upon the drum of the separator is full of 
tubercle bacilli. This is frequently fed to pigs, and as a conse- 
quence in: Northern European countries such swine become 
very rapidly infested with tuberculosis. The separating 
creamery becomes thus a prolific means of dissemination of 
the germs of tuberculosis. To avoid this danger, in some 
countries the skim-milk is pasteurized (7. e., heated to 170°) 
before being given to the farmer, and the slime from the ma- 
chine is burned. 
There seems to be, then, little question that there are easily 
understood means by which the bacilli can pass from an in- 
fected animal to healthy animals. At the same time the facility 
of transmission is not so great as among men who void sputum. 
This lack of sputum has so impressed bacteriologists that 
there are some scientists of repute in Europe to-day who re- 
gard the transmission of the disease from animal to animal as 
of comparatively rare occurrence, and some go so far indeed 
as to claim that the transference of tuberculosis from animal 
to animal almost never occurs. They tell us that 1f tubercu- 
losis is found in a herd and is distributed through the herd we 
must look for some other source of distribution than that from 
animal to animal. They claim that the chances are so slight 
of the distribution of the disease from one animal to another 
that this method may be almost neglected. Such a conclusion, 
although it is held at the present time by several rather promi- 
ment bacteriologists, is not, however, generally accepted; and 
the vast majority of scientists, bacteriologists, veterinarians, 
and agriculturists are united in regarding the transfer- 
ence of the disease from animal to animal as the chief method 
of its distribution among cattle. 
(b) TRANSMISSION OF TUBERCULOSIS FROM MAN TO ANIMAL. 
The question as to whether the disease passes from man 
to animal is one upon which there is the very widest differ- 
ence of opinion. We have, as just noticed, on the one hand, 
