216 STORRS AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION. 
education to the farmer. When a series of accurate experiments 
is carried on with a man’s own cows, in his own barn, and he shares 
in the work, sees how it is done, follows the details and studies 
the results, he gets a kind of knowledge which he could not get 
in any other way. His neighbors will see the experiments done 
and talk them over with him and with each other and will be 
likewise benefited, and when the results are published and read, 
farmers who have not seen the experiments read about them and 
realize that they come from a union of science with practice; 
that they represent what their brother farmers have done with 
the aid of the Station as well as what the Station has done with 
the aid of the farmer. ‘They study the details, they reflect upon 
them, they criticise them, and sometimes with a wisdom and acute- 
ness which is most valuable to the Station experimenters; and, 
what is best of all, they use the results to the advantage of brain 
as well as purse. 
But while the deducing of formulas for profit may be helped 
by this kind of experimental observation, the most useful infor- 
mation will come from codperative experiments of a more 
thorough sort such as the Stations can best carry out with their 
own herds and near their own laboratories. 
And let me repeat that profit is a matter of cost of raw material 
and manufacture and value of product and that all of these 
factors are extremely variable. _A profitable formula for one 
plan or time may be very unprofitable for another. A fixed 
formula for profit is utterly irrational. 
In framing his standards for rations for domestic animals Wolff 
apparently had what I have here designated as physiological 
standards chiefly in mind, although he did not make the distinc- 
tion’ J have insisted upon and he did keep in view the profit to 
be gained from feeding. Such at any rate is the impression 
which I think one would gain from a study of Wolff’s writings at 
the time, and especially his statement of the considerations 
which led to his standards. The standards were printed in the 
Farmers’ Calendar above referred to for 1864, and are there 
explained. Wolff’s later discussions of the subject in his Landa- 
wirtschaftliche Fiitterungslehre and Ernahrung der landwirtschaft- 
lichen Nutzthiere seem to me to imply the same view on his part. 
Kiihn lays no less stress upon the physiological aspects of the 
question, but being a man of larger practical experience as a 
feeder, he emphasizes more than Wolff does the other conditions 


