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IRRIGATION IN CONNECTICUT. 225 
through a 2'%-inch pipe, a distance of eighty rods, giving a 
flow into the storage pond of about ten gallons per minute. 
The only ram of similar capacity of which we have learned is 
manufactured by the Rife Co., of Roanoke, Va. The ram used 
by Mr. E. C. Warner, of North Haven, isa No. 10 Douglas 
Ram, manufactured at Middletown, Conn. ‘This is run by 
a 6-inch drivepipe, the water falling seven feet to the plunger. 
It throws water into two large tanks at a height of sixty 
feet—6oo feet distant—at the rate of five to six gallons per 
minute. 
WINDMILLS. 
Where only a comparatively small quantity of water is 
wanted, enough for a few acres at different times during the 
season, a windmill is perhaps the cheapest source of power, 
and will prove quite effectual. The storage can best be 
arranged for in a deep tank or cistern where the evaporation 
can be controlled by covering. ‘The water can be distributed 
through pipes and applied by sprinkling, if the fall from 
the place of storage to the fields is enough to give good 
pressure. 
FLOWAGE SYSTEM. 
New England furnishes many conditions favorable for this 
system of irrigation. Among these may be mentioned the 
unevenness of the surface, the many small streams with con- 
siderable fall giving plenty of available water, and the fact 
that the terrace and alluvial soil formations of our river valleys 
are greatly benefited by irrigation. These alluvial and terrace 
formations are generally light soils with porous subsoils which 
suffer readily from drouth. Where this plan of irrigating is 
used in Connecticut the outlay is comparatively slight. 
The expense for damming a small stream and thus getting 
a large storage pond is very light, and there are many places 
where the fall is favorable for conveying the water. Open 
ditches are used for conducting the water to the fields, and if 
the slope of the land to be irrigated is slight the water can be 
entirely distributed by small trenches. Some times streams 
that would be nearly or entirely dry late in the summer will 
furnish an abundance of water for such crops as strawberries 
and raspberries, grass and early potatoes, which require irri- | 
gating, if at all, before midsummer. In many cases the water 
