CASHMAN NURSERIES, 
DNC; 
OWATONNA, MINNESOTA 

5 Pears 
Cashman Pear—The hardiest pear we have yet 
found for Central and Southern Minnesota. Parent 
tree found growing near Ortonville,.,Minnesota, ap- 
parently hardy and vigorous for‘*that locality. 
Fruit is of good quality for both-canning and eat- 
ing. Be 
Parker—Minnesota No. 1—This*:introduction by 
the Minnesota Fruit Breeding Farm has proven of 
great value in this climate, the seed being imported 
from Manchuria. Tree is large, vigorous and free 
growing; very winter hardy. Fruit is medium to 
large; flesh tender, medium fine grained, juicy, 
sweet. Season mid or late September. 
Patten—The tree is distinctly upright in habit, with 
large, healthy foliage. The blossoms are large hand- 
some white. Fruit when well grown, is medium to 
large size,- favors Bartlett in, general form, smooth 
and regular; color green, turning to yellow as it 
ripens. ‘lhe skin is quite thick but becomes quite thin 
and tender as it ripens. The flesh is very tender, 
juicy, rich sub-acid, refreshing and very good quality. 
The tree is not considered entirely biight-proof in 
northern localities. Season, September. 

Grapes 
It is only recently that grapes have received any 
particular attention in the Northwest and it is very 
doubtful if any fruit has made more rapid strides in 
this section than the grape. Many can remember 
when the cultivated grape was almost unknown here, 
likely because of the fact that Eastern grapes could 
be bought upon the market in their seasen for from 
ten to twenty cents a basket, while today the baskets 
alone cost nearly that amount. Today this is all 
changed. The Eastern and Western grape has ad- 
vanced in price until it has almost become a luxury 
and in its place has been brought fruit of native origin 

BETA GRAPE 
that is equal in every respect to those of former years. 
They should be planted in good rich soil in a sunny 
location and cut back to six inches from the ground 
at plaixling time. lt must be remembered that grapes 
bear on new wood only and should be cut back about 
two-thirds of the year’s growth after the leaves fall 
each year. A three wire fence is perhaps the most 
satisfactory trellis on which to train them, but the 
posts should not be more than a rod apart in order to 
furnish sufficient ‘support for the heavy new growth 
each year. Set plants eignt feet apart in the row and 
rows eight feet apart. Many of the varieties we are 
listing are the product of the Minnesota Fruit Breed- 
ing Farm, where they have been given the most rigid 
tests. 
Minnesota No. 66—A vigorous grower with at- 
tractive foliage making it useful aS an arbor 
plant. The f:uit is unusually large, borne in me- 
dium size clusters; skin tender, yellowish green 
eolor; flavor sweet, mild, pleasant; quality as a 
dessert fruit good; season slightly later than Beta. 
Minnesota No. 69—Another valuable introduction 
by the’ Minnesota Fruit Breeding Farm. Hardy 
and vigorous...Grows close on,bunehgs.and bears 
profusely. Fruit daree, sweet and equal.in quality 
to Moores Early: ss a % 
Alpha—A recent production somewhat like the Beta 
but considered by some to be superior. Fruit a trifle 

. smaller, than, ,the Concord and sub-acid. Perfectly 
» hardy in all sections. ; ee 
Dakoti : =e preduct of the Minnesota Fruit Breeding 
Farm that has become well established throughout the 
Northwest. ‘Fruit large, shghtly sub-atid and borne 
regularly in large clusters. Very hardy. 
Beta—A northern seedling crossed with the wild 
grape which has proven entirely hardy in North Da- 
kota. without winter covering. Fruit of medium size 
and ‘of a flavor midway between the Concord and the 
native wild grape. Ripens early and is seldom affected 
by late spring frosts. 
‘Concord—An * old standard variety and the most 
popular grape jin .America.. Fruit large, round, sweet 
and borne in‘huge' clusters.’.. Vines hardy and vigorous. 
Moore’s Early—-Ranks next to the Concord.for both 
home planting: and commercial vineyards. Less vig- 
orous and fruitful than the Concord but earlier and 
somewhat better quality. ; 


td 
Gooseberries 
There is probably no small fruit grown in the gar- 
dens of the Northwest that produces so abundantly 
every year with so little care as the Gooseberry. They 
co well on any soi! that is suited to wheat or potatoes 
and there is always a good market for the fruit. Cut 
back same as currants and set from three to four feet 
apart in the rows and the rows four feet apart to 
allow for cultivation. Spray thoroughly as soon as 
the leaves are out and again when the fruit is set (see 
spray program). Gooseberries, like currants, bear on 
both old and new wood, but all wood three years old 
should be kept trimmed out as the fruit of the younger 
wood is larger. Keep cultivated and mulched during 
the summer. 
- Carrie—Of Minnesota origin. Fruit pale red, of 
good size and excellent quality. Bushes quite free 
from thorns, very thrifty, and not much subject to 
rust or mildew. 
Page Twelve 
Champion—An Oregon seedling. 
good quathity. Very productive. 
adapted to this section. 
Fruit large and of 
Hardy and well 
Downing—This is perhaps the most popular goose- 
berry on the market, though not quite as hardy as 
some. Fruit light green, sweet and fine, large in size. 
Thin skin of 
Bears abun- 
Houghton—Pale red when fully ripe. 
the best quality for canning and pies. 
dantly and is perfectly hardy anywhere. 
Pixwell—This new Gooseberry was originated at 
the North Dakota Station. Berries hang on slen- 
der stems about two inches below the branches 
Which make picking a quick and easy operation. 
Absolutely hardy. a vigorous grower and abun- 
dant bearer. Berries large, oval, light green turn- 
ing to pink when ripe. 
