433 AMERICAN ANTHROPOLOGIST [N. S., 20, 1918 
while Major Powell had demonstrated the correctness of his opin- 
ion that the canyons, one and all, could be navigated with small 
boats downward, he found himself without the scientific material 
which was the main object of his adventure. 
Consequently, in a spirit entirely characteristic, he projected a 
second expedition which should be better provided, forewarned, and 
forearmed, and more able to carry on the proper exploration with 
some deliberation. 
The second expedition started from Green River station, Wyo- 
ming, May 22, 1871, provision during the interval having been 
made for side expeditions to bring in food supplies at stated places. 
For two years this party made extensive observations and researches, 
not only along the bottom of the canyons of the main river, but up 
side canyons, tributary rivers, and on the heights as well for con- 
siderable distances back on each side as happened to be possible. 
On the north side and the west these operations reached to the High 
Plateaus of Utah, to the Grand Wash, the Virgin and Pine Valley 
mountains; and on the south to the towns of the Moquis or Hopi 
Indians. 
This “Exploration of the Colorado River of the West and its 
Tributaries,’ eventually extended much further and developed into 
the ‘Geographical and Geological Survey of the Rocky Mountain 
Region, J, W. Powell, in Charge,” merging finally in 1880, with 
other government surveys, to form the present Geological Survey, 
a monument to the common sense of Congress, and of which Major 
Powell for many years was director. Out of the Powell surveys 
also grew the Bureau of Ethnology, which he founded and directed 
to the year of his death. : 
In 1902 Major Powell died at the age of 68. On the second anni- 
versary of his death, at a meeting of the International Geological 
Congress at the Grand Canyon, it was suggested that a monument 
to his memory should be erected somewhere along the Canyon rim 
overlooking the Granite Gorge, the scene of his greatest triumph 
over the river. The matter was brought before Congress and at 
the 60th meeting of that body an appropriation was made in the 
sundry civil act, March 5, 1909, of $5,000 
