40 HOW TO IDENTIFY NEW ZEALAND BIRDS 
Haunts, cultivated districts and waste land. Runs very fast 
and walks. Crest on head, and ery ‘*Ka-ha-ha,’’ or 
“*Tobaceo,’’ or ‘‘Miss Harper.’’ Galliformes. 
10.5 in. New Zealand Dottrel (Pluviorhyncus obscurus). 
Head greyish brown margined chestnut, chin and forehead 
white. Upper parts greyish brown, wing feathers brownish 
black. Pale chestnut under parts. Under tail coverts white. 
Pure white in winter with band of brown on breast. Flight 
rapid, when disturbed rising with quick wing vibration, 
flying in circles with occasional sailing movements, the wings 
motionless in the form of a bow. Haunts, oceans, beaches, 
and flats, river mouths, and high altitudes of interior. 
Common north of North Island. Pursues prey on foot. Pro- 
tects young in remarkably artful manner. Larger than 
Banded Dottrel, also absence of band. Charadriiformes. 
11 in. North Island Thrush (Turnagra tanagra). Throat 
pure white. Bill dark brown, rest olive brown. Upper parts 
olive brown, sides dashed with yellow tinge. Wings dark 
brown. Lower parts ash grey tinged yellowish. White on 
abdomen. Legs brown. Short rapid and darting flight. 
Haunts, undergrowth or bush. Nimble and very inquisitive. 
Flutters wings and tail at each hop. Beautiful song of five 
distinct bars. Almost extinct. Found in North Island. 
Passeriformes. 
11 in. South Island Thrush (Turnagra capensis). Head 
olive brown, forehead, throat, and sides of head marked 
rufous. Upper parts olive brown, darker on upper. parts. 
Wing feathers dark olive brown. Under parts strong tinge 
of yellow covered by broad longitudinal spots of yellowish 
white. Legs dark brown. Flight short and rapid and power- 
ful. Haunts, wooded country, especially glades besides 
ereeks. Hops. Simulates ery of Redbill or Pied Oyster- 
catcher. Confined to South Island. Passeriformes. o 
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11 in. Gould’s Allied or(Fluttering® Shearwater (Puffinus ° 
assimilis). Ashy black head, horn-coloured bill, cheeks and 
throat white. Upper. parts glossy ashy black. Under parts 
pure white, a patch of grey on each side of chest. Legs 
greenish yellow, toes webbed. Glides near surface of water. 
Haunts, sea, not south of Hauraki Gulf, off the coast and 
open bays. Swims and dives, moves about in flocks. Habits 
same as Cook’s Petrel. Differs from Forster’s Shearwater in 
small size, absence of brown on plumage, which is a distinct 
ashy black. Greyish patch on chest. Procellariiformes. 
11.25 in. Red-fronted Parakeet (Cyanorhamphus novae- 
gelandiae). Forehead, crown, and streak across eye crimson, 
irides cherry red. Upper parts grass green, crimson spot on 
Tump, Wing feathers dusky black, touch of blue on wings. 
