THE BUTTERFLIES OF CEYLON 51 
naturally badly faded. Fruhstorfer states that races of it are 
found in India, Burma, Siam, Dutch Indies, Malaya, etc. He 
does not mention it from Ceylon, but describes the Indian 
race as pavana nabo. He notes two forms of the clasp, one with 
distal teeth only, and the other with teeth along the dorsal 
edge. He suggests that the latter is the dry season form, 
but says his evidence is insufficient to prove it. Most of the 
Ceylon specimens I have examined show these dorsal teeth 
very strongly developed, but in five specimens from Kottawa 
and Deniyaya, (wet zone) they are absent, so he is almost 
certainly right. The clasps of our Ceylon form differ 
considerably from those of pavana, and I think it should 
rank as a species, not as a race. I have found similar 
genitalia in a specimen from Assam. See Plate 7, figs 2. and 3. 
The males in Ceylon are usually slightly smaller than 
pactolus ceylonica 3, and average far larger than the specimens 
of pavana I have seen from the Andamans. The females 
are easily separated from those of pactolus ceylonica ; they 
are much smaller, ranging from 22—30 mm., the veins are 
not clearly marked, and there is no disco-cellular streak 
The blue area is very variable in extent, and they bear a 
strong resemblance above to what I call prominens °. 
It is much more plentiful than pactolus, especially in the 
wet zone. I have found it abundant near Galle, and have 
specimens from Haldummulla, Wellawaya, JRatnapura, 
Deniyaya, and Kandy. 
I have seen two $$ with a rudimentary pair of basal strige. 
go. NACADUBA VIOLA. 
Also found in India, Burma, Malaya, Australia, etc. 
Fruhstorfer does not give Ceylon as a locality. The male 
can be distinguished at once by the very pointed apex of 
the fore wing, and the straight terminal margin of both wings. 
It varies greatly in size. I donot know the female, There are 
two specimens in the British Museum, named vtola 2? by Moore. 
They do not show the pointed wings of the male, but agree 
with the figure in “ Lepidoptera of Ceylon.”’ It would be 
very difficult to distinguish them from the females of what 
I call plumbeomicans. 
