48 THE BUTTERFLIES OF CEYLON 
brown border at the apex and termen of the fore wing and 
along the costa of the hind wing. 
It is very abundant at Haldummulla all the year round, 
and is common all over the southern half of the Island, up to 
6,000 feet at least. I have, so far, no records of its capture 
in the North. 
NacaDuBA. This is a very difficult genus to name. No 
writers agree as to the species to be found in the Indian 
region. The species mostly have a wide range throughout 
the Indo-Australian region, and vary considerably in different 
localities and seasons, and there is a strong generic likeness 
in them all. Some species seem to grade into others, and, 
the greater the number examined, the greater difficulty 
there is in separating them. 
Fruhstorfer has lately published a revision of the genus 
(Deel II aflevering 2, Zoologische Medeedelingen, s’Rijks 
Mus. van Nat. Hist. te Leiden) founded on the differences 
in the genitalia, but he seems to have had very little Ceylon 
material at his disposal, and he only allows us five sub-species, 
viz., N. pactolus ceylonica (=macropthalma,M.), N. nora 
noreta with f. ardates (=ardates, M. tailless and tailed), 
N  berentce ceylonica (=atrata, B.) N. atrata eythion 
(=Plumbeomicans, De N.), and N _ perusia prominens 
(=prominens, M.). He does not mention the following as 
found in Ceylon, N. pavana, N. viola, and N. dana, and has 
probably never seen N. noreia, Feld, 
The differences in the genitalia, in all except the nora 
group, are apparently so marked that there should be little 
difficulty in naming the males correctly, but it is not so 
easy to decide as to which is the corresponding female This 
can only be settled by breeding. 
I annex a table mainly following those given by De 
Nicéville and Bingham. 
A Under side fore wing ; basal area without white strige. 
ai. White strige broad and diffuse = pactolus. 
61, White strige narrow and clearly defined = pavana. 
