32 THE BUTTERFLIES OF CEYLON 
Usually rather rare at Haldummulla, except at one spot 
in the tea here, where there is frequently a single male. In 
December, however, it often appears in great numbers. In 
these swarms the females are much commoner than the 
males, which is unusual at other times. The chrysippus 
form (diocippus) is alwaysmuch commoner than the dorippus 
one, (inaria) though the latter is often plentiful, On one 
occasion I was walking to Tanamalwila, on the Wellawaya- 
Hambantota road, and misippus was in thousands, both 
males and females, settling on the road from about the 36th 
to the 28th mile. I could have caught any number of the 
. dorippus variety, but could not find one perfect specimen, 
In the north, where the chrysitppus form is abundant, I have 
only twice seen the dorippus form. 
The alcippus form (alcippoides) with white lower wings 
is not I believe found in Ceylon, but I caught a specimen at 
Jaffna, which was very near it, having a small, but con- 
spicuous, white patch on the upper side of the lower wing. 
It seems to prefer the drier portions of the Island, but a 
few may be taken in the wet zone. | 
55. PyYRAMEIS CARDUI, M. and De N.; Vanessa cardui, 
B.andE. 
Commonly known in England as the Painted Lady. It is 
found all over the world “‘except in the Arctic regions and 
in South America ’’ (De N.). It has since been taken within 
the Arctic circle in North Lapland. 
Single specimens may be seen anywhere, all the year round, 
but in some localities great numbers suddenly appear, though 
it does not seem to flight I have noticed these big hatches 
at Galle (twice) and at Jaffna. I have also found the larve 
in great abundance at Galaha, near Kandy. 
56. PYRAMEIS INDICA NUBICOLA. Vanessa indica nubicola, 
E.; Pyrameis indica, M., De N.; Vanessa indica, B. 
Found in 5. Europe, the Canaries, India, China, Japan, 
etc. The race nubicola is restricted to S. India and Ceylon, 
it differs in having the outer margin of the hind wing com- 
paratively much more broadly black. | 
