28 THE BUTTERFLIES OF CEYLON 
47. PRECIS LEMONIAS. Junonia lemonas, M., B., De 
N., E. 
Also found in India, Burmah, Malaya, China, etc, 
De Nicéville says: ‘“The under side is variable in colour, 
some specimens having the ground ochreous, others ferrugin- 
ous, and others again beautifully pink or LOS Mee eae ‘these 
variations are not confined to particular localities, but appear 
to occur indiscriminately.’’ All varieties seem to fly 
together in Ceylon, but that with a bright peach-coloured 
under side is the rarest; I have taken it at Haldummulla. 
It is occasionally very numerous at Haldummulla during 
the NE. monsoon flights, but in the low-country it is 
plentiful all the year round. It is found all over the Island, 
but I have not noticed it at the highest elevations. 
It is particularly fond of settling on wet patches on the 
roads, or in the sandy river-beds. 
48. PRECIS ALMANA. Junonia almana, De N., B., E.; 
Junonia asterie, M. 
Also found in India, Burmah, Malaya, China, Japan, etc. 
P. asterie is the wet season form. The dry season form is 
extremely rare in Ceylon, and I only possess one poor speci- 
men, but Mr. Mackwood has shown me one or two. I found 
almana in great numbers at Giants Tank in July(dry season) 
but none were the dry season form. 
It is abundant all over the low-country from Galle to 
Jaffna, especially in chenas, paddy-fields, and the borders 
of tanks. It is rather rare at Haldummulla, but may be 
taken in the grass-fields on this estate during the SW. 
monsoon. 
49. CUPHA PLACIDA, De N.,M. and B. Cupha erymanthis 
placida, E. 
De Nicéville writes: ‘‘ In its range it is geographically 
separated from C. erymanthis, and differs sufficiently in 
colouration and markings to entitle it to specific rank ; but 
the specimens from S. India show a gradually increasing 
resemblance to C. erymanthis to the northwards of their 
range, very marked in some cases.’’ 
